网络隔空猥亵儿童的定罪研究--以保护儿童为分析视角

A Study on the Criminalization of Online Child Molestation--From the Perspective of Child Protection

未成年人群体中存在以自愿为前提的互发裸照、私密视频的行为。根据最高检指导案例的要旨,已满16周岁的未成年人即便是自愿实施前述行为,也将面临犯罪化的风险。应当借鉴强奸罪中“年龄相仿”的出罪理由,对年龄相近的早恋儿童之间自愿互发裸照等行为做无罪化处理。猥亵儿童罪不是倾向犯,对其认定要严格遵守罪刑法定原则,坚持其类型化构成要件,不应要求行为人具有“性刺激”“为满足性欲”的主观倾向。并非所有通过网络向儿童索要裸照、私密视频等行为都构成猥亵儿童罪。行为人通过网络并未对儿童施加具有性意义的身体影响力的行为不能被认定为猥亵儿童罪,应当增设儿童色情信息类犯罪对该类行为加以规制。

Sending nude photos or videos among teenagers is a phenomenon worthy attention.According to the guiding case of Supreme People’s Procuratorate,for such consensual sexting behavior,teenagers who have reached 16 should be criminalized.This is disadvantageous to the protection of children.The defense of age similarity should be adopted to decriminalize such consensual sexting behaviors between teenagers.The crime of child molestation should not consider the perpetrator’s specific purpose.Even if the behavior is not intended to satisfy the perpetrator’s need for sexual stimulation or sexual desire,it should also be considered as child molestation if it affords the requirements of the crime.It is inappropriate to consider all kinds of sexting behavior as child molestation,if the perpetrator asked the child to send his/her own nude pictures or videos to them and this behavior didn’t have any physical effects on the child,then it should not be considered as child molestation.The legislator should add some new rules on crimes related with child pornography to regulate such behaviors.