基于《民法典》体例结构的解释路径

Interpretation Path Based on the Structure of the Civil Code

《民法典》以中国本土化的制度元素再现了中国民法法典化的最高成就,具有鲜明的中国特色。基于“七编制”体例形成的民法制度体系(内部体系)和基于法典外民商事单行法构造的民法制度体系(外部体系),因法典的结构开放性和制度包容性而有机衔接,实现我国民法制度的体系化。内部体系与外部体系因法典结构的逻辑关系之不同,其解释路径有异。内部体系的解释关注法典总则与分编的逻辑关系、总则与分编的法律适用、同一分编的制度体系化解释以及分编相互间的法律适用。以外部体系的更新和发展为主线,外部体系的解释应当妥当理解《民法典》第11条的规定,尊重民商事单行法的自我发展规律,强调民商事单行法的相对独立发展。

The Civil Code reproduces the highest achievements of the codification of Chinese civil law with the institutional elements of China’s localization and distinct Chinese characteristics.In order to realize the systematization of China’s civil law system,the civil law system(internal system)based on the“Seven Parts”style and the civil law system(external system)based on the separate laws outside the Code are organically connected due to the openness of the structure of the Code and the inclusiveness of the Code system.The internal system and the external system have different interpretation paths due to the logical relationship of the Code structure.The interpretation of the internal system pays attention to the logical relationship between the general provisions of the Code and the sub-parts,the applicable rules between the general provisions and the sub-parts,the systematic interpretation of the rules within the same sub-parts,and the applicable rules between the sub-parts.With the renewal and development of the external system as the main line,the interpretation of the external system should properly understand the provisions of Article 11 of the Civil Code,respect the self-development of the separate laws,and emphasize the relatively independent improvements of the separate laws.