扩大高水平对外开放对形成国内统一大市场的影响:理论逻辑与中国经验

The Impact of Expanding High-level Opening to the Outside World on the Formation of a Unified Domestic Market:The Theoretical Logic and Chinese Experience

新发展格局下“双循环”作为我国进入新发展阶段改革和开放相互促进的主动选择,其主要原因在于中国经济的内部条件已经发生根本性变化,具备启动和畅通国内大循环的客观条件;其内在逻辑在于开放引致竞争的生产率筛选效应和学习效应,以及制度创新带来的地区比较优势和企业的国际竞争新优势。对外开放与形成国内统一大市场之间并非简单的线性关系,而是随着对外开放程度的不断增加呈现先递减后递增的趋势——即现阶段再过度依赖对外开放反而会加剧国内市场分割,阻碍国内经济的流转畅通。沿海地区、“一带一路”国内沿线地区在“双循环”背景下扩大出口规模、调整进口结构,采用国内市场上流通的替代要素,以“外循环”促进“内循环”,将有利于促进国内市场的统一。

Under the new development pattern, the “double circulation” is the active choice for China’s reform and opening-up to promote each other in the new stage of development.The main reason lies in the fact that the internal conditions of China’s economy have undergone fundamental changes, and it has the objective conditions to start and smooth the great domestic cycle.Its internal logic lies in the productivity screening effect and learning effect caused by opening competition, and in the regional comparative advantage and new international competitive advantage brought by institutional innovation.The relationship between the opening to the outside world and the formation of a unified domestic market is not a simple linear one, but with the increasing degree of opening to the outside world, it shows a trend of decreasing first and then increasing--that is, at the present stage, excessive reliance on opening to the outside world will aggravate the segmentation of the domestic market and hinder the smooth flow of domestic economy. Under the background of “double circulation”,the coastal areas and the domestic regions along the “One Belt and One Road” should expand the export scale, adjust the import structure, adopt the substitute elements circulating in the domestic market, and promote the “internal circulation” by “external circulation”,which will be conducive to promoting the unification of the domestic market.