世界一流企业和研究机构的科技治理与启示

Enlightenment from Technology Governance of the World’s First-class Enterprises and Research Institutes

完善科技治理体系,提升科技治理能力,可以充分发挥科技创新的引擎作用。总结分析斯伦贝谢公司、华为公司、北京生命科学研究所等世界一流企业和研究机构的科技治理,其特点包括:坚守核心价值理念和文化引领,充分引导和释放知识型员工的能力;坚持开放式创新和包容式发展,将外部创新资源和内部研发能力结合,营造稳定、宽松、包容失败的创新生态与氛围;保障基础研究,实行科学的评价制度,激发科研人员成就感和创造力;规范项目流程管理,将项目按不同类型分类管理,组建跨部门团队以打通产品技术从研发到推广应用、迭代升级的全流程;重视人才培养与学习型组织建设,为员工提供多样化发展通道,建设企业级知识管理系统等。这些科技治理经验提供了有益启示,即强化基础研究的源头作用,研发植根于市场和用户需求,探索新的科研组织模式和体系,在开放中提升创新能力,打造知识驱动型组织。

Perfection of the technology governance system and improvement of the technology governance ability can bring into full play the role of technological innovation as engine.This paper summarizes and analyzes the technology governance mechanisms of the world’s first-class enterprises and research institutes,such as Schlumberger,HUAWEI and National Institute of Biological Sciences,Beijing.The characteristics of their technology governance mechanism include adherence to core value conception and corporate culture to guide and release the ability of intellectual employees,adherence to deregulation-based innovation and inclusive development to combine external innovation resources with internal R&D capability and create the stable,relaxed and failure-inclusive environment and atmosphere for innovation,assurance of basic research to carry out the scientific appraisal system and help research personnel have sense of achievement and creativity,standardization of project process management to bring the projects of different types under classified management,establishment of cross-disciplinary teams to perfect the whole process of products and technology from R&D to application and upgradation,and highlight of talents development and construction of learning-type organization to provide a variety of development channels for employees and establish the knowledge management system at the corporate level.These experiences of technology governance are of a great help and consolidate basic research as a role of source.The R&D activities are rooted in the market and user requirements.The efforts should be focused on the new organizational model and system for scientific research.It is necessary to improve the innovation ability through the efforts for opening to the outside world and create the knowledge-driven organizations.