跨理论模型在老年人体力活动促进健康中的应用研究

Application of the Transtheoretical Model to Promoting Health in Physical Activity of the Elderly

通过文献资料法和逻辑分析法对目前跨理论模型在国内外老年人体力活动中的研究现状以及主要应用领域进行整理、归纳和分析,旨在为以后该理论在老年人体育锻炼中的进一步应用提供一定的理论与指导意义.通过研究得出以下结论:(1)跨理论模型在老年人体育锻炼中应用越来越广泛,但国内相较于国外而言,研究较少;(2)跨理论模型中关于变化阶段的划分缺乏客观科学性;(3)基于跨理论模型制定的老年人运动干预方案虽有一定成效,但仍存在问题,需进一步改善;(4)关于跨理论模型的理论架构解释不够全面.基于此,本文提出以下建议:(1)我国要加强跨理论模型在老年人体力活动方面的研究;(2)跨理论模型中关于变化阶段的划分需要确定统一标准;(3)运动干预方案设计时需考虑跨理论模型的阶段划分;(4)全面考虑跨理论模型的构成要素,进一步完善理论架构.

This paper organizes,summarizes and analyzes the current research status and main application areas of the transtheoretical model in the physical activities of the elderly in China and abroad by means of literature research and logic analysis,which aims to provide some theoretical and guiding significance for the further application of this theory in the physical exercise of the elderly in the future.The following conclusions are drawn from the study:(1)The transtheoretical model is more and more widely used in the physical exercise of the elderly,but there is less research in China than in foreign countries;(2)The division of the stage of change in the transtheoretical model lacks objectivity and scientific;(3)Although the intervention scheme of the elderly based on the transtheoretical model has some effect,there are still some problems and need to be further improved;(4)The theoretical explanation of the transtheoretical model is not comprehensive enough.Based on the above conclusions,this paper gives the following suggestions:(1)China should strengthen the research of the transtheoretical model on physical activity of the elderly;(2)There needs to be a uniform standard for the division of stages of change in the transtheoretical model;(3)The stage of change should be considered in the design of exercise intervention program;(4)All components of the transtheoretical model should be considered to improve the theoretical structure.