替牙期错[牙合]畸形的早期矫治

Early orthodontic treatment of malocclusion in the mixed dentition

替牙期儿童生长发育快速,各种导致错[牙合]畸形的先天性疾病常于替牙期显现,同时此阶段导致错[牙合]的环境因素也较多。临床应积极干预唇、舌、咬合、呼吸等功能性异常与替牙障碍,避免畸形继续发展;对骨性错则需根据患者情况选用合适的矫形装置进行生长改良治疗,同时需充分评估先天因素的影响及预后;对部分替牙期暂时性错则不应过度干预。总之,替牙期早期矫治需综合评估治疗的需求、风险、时间、代价以及患者的最终收益,矫治时机并非越早越好,必须严格把控适应证,在必要性和局限性方面仔细斟酌。

Children in the mixed dentition grow rapidly,and various types of malocclusion often appear in this period.At the same time,there are many environmental factors affecting the development of the occlusion at this stage.Functional abnormalities related to lip,tongue,articulation and breathing,and impacted teeth should be actively intervened and blocked to avoid the continued development of the deformity.Appropriate orthopedic devices should be used in patients with skeletal malocclusion,if necessary,for growth modification and the influence of congenital factors and the prognosis of treatment should be fully evaluated.Over-intervention of the temporary malocclusions in the mixed dentition should be avoided.In conclusion,early orthodontic treatment in the mixed dentition requires a comprehensive assessment of the treatment need,risks,timing,cost and the ultimate benefit of the patient.The timing of orthodontic treatment is not the sooner the better.The indications must be strictly controlled,and the necessity and limitations must be carefully considered.