棉油基二聚酸及添加剂对航空煤油润滑性的影响研究

Influence of Cotton Oil-based Dimeric Acid and Additives on the Lubricity of Jet Fuel

以棉籽油为原料合成二聚酸,利用红外光谱仪分析棉油基二聚酸分子的结构特征。采用球柱润滑性评定仪法(BOCLE)和高频往复试验机法(HFRR)考察棉油基二聚酸添加量与航空煤油润滑性关系以及对平均成膜率和平均摩擦系数的影响,同时考察棉油基二聚酸与抗静电剂、防冰剂、金属钝化剂及抗氧剂复配后对调合航空煤油物理性质的影响。结果表明:20 mg·L^(-1)的棉油基二聚酸可使 BOCLE 试验中的润滑性磨痕直径降到 0.65 mm以下,满足《3 号喷气燃料》(GB 6537—2018)标准要求的润滑性磨痕直径不大于 0.65 mm,当添加量大于 30 mg·L^(-1)时,润滑性能基本保持不变。棉油基二聚酸与抗静电剂有较弱的协同作用;与防冰剂具有一定的协同作用,显示出良好的配伍性;与抗氧剂和金属钝化剂无明显的协同作用。棉油基二聚酸与 4 种添加剂复配后,基本不会影响调和航空煤油物理性质,部分关键指标符合《3 号喷气燃料》(GB 6537—2018)标准要求。

Cotton oil-based dimeric acid was synthesized and analyzed by FT-IR spectrometer. The effects of cotton oil-based dimer acid on the lubricity of jet fuel was investigated by BOCLE and HFRR as well as the changes of average film forming rate and average friction coefficient. Meanwhile, it was studied that the impacts on physical properties of jet fuel after adding the dimeric acid mixed with antistatic agent, deicing agent, metal deactivator and antioxidizer. The results showed that 20 mg·L^(-1)dimeric acid could reduce the diameter of lubricity wear scar in BOCLE test to less than 0.65 mm, which met the requirements of GB 6537—2018. When the dimeric acid amount was greater than 30 mg·L^(-1), lubrication performance was basically unchanged. The dimeric acid had good compatibility and weak synergistic effect with antistatic agent and deicing agent, while it had no synergistic effect with antioxidizer and metal passivating agent. The combination of dimeric acid with the four additives basically did not affect the physical properties of blended jet fuel, and the key indicators of blended jet fuel met the requirements of GB 6537—2018.