油气管道缓蚀剂的研究现状及展望

Research status and prospect of corrosion inhibitors for oil and gas pipelines

石油天然气行业的管道系统是原油和成品油运输的核心。然而,油气管道的腐蚀是不可避免的。在众多防护方法中,缓蚀剂的使用对于油气管道腐蚀防护最为普遍。因商用缓蚀剂的大量使用会对环境造成很大的破坏,所以其使用常常受限。绿色缓蚀剂是解决这一问题的可行方法。介绍了CO_(2)腐蚀和H_(2)S腐蚀,概括了绿色缓蚀剂的优点、作用机理和相关研究。总结得出,绿色缓蚀剂具有价格低廉、无害和能够与很多金属相容的优点;绿色缓蚀剂作用于碳钢时,能够达到90%以上的抑制效率。

Pipeline system in oil and gas industry is the core of crude oil and refined oil transportation. However, the corrosion of oil and gas pipelines is inevitable. Among many protection methods, corrosion inhibitor is the most common for oil and gas pipeline corrosion protection. The use of commercial corrosion inhibitors is often limited because of their extensive use, which can cause great damage to the environment. Green corrosion inhibitor is a feasible method to solve this problem. In this paper, CO_(2) corrosion and H_(2)S corrosion were introduced, and the advantages, action mechanism and related research of green corrosion inhibitor were summarized. It was concluded that green corrosion inhibitor had the advantages of low cost, harmlessness and compatibility with many metals. When green corrosion inhibitor was applied to carbon steel, the inhibition efficiency could be more than 90%.