中国大陆地区麻醉科护士对恶性高热认知度的现况调查

Investigation and analysis of awareness of malignant hyperthermia among anesthesiology nurses in China's Mainland

目的调查分析中国大陆地区麻醉科护士对恶性高热的认知度。方法采用方便抽样方法,自行设计调查问卷,于2021年11月至2022年1月通过微信平台对中国大陆地区二级以上医院的麻醉科护士进行恶性高热认知程度问卷调查,系统自动记录答卷情况。结果参与调查的麻醉科护士2058名,分布于21个省、2个自治区(宁夏回族自治区和广西壮族自治区)以及4个直辖市的二级以上医院,有效问卷为2049份,回收率99.56%。对于恶性高热的治疗药物、发病特点、临床分型、易感人群、易感人群筛查方法、遗传方式、诱发因素、最常见首发症状及丹曲林钠使用最佳时机、国产丹曲林钠配制方法及首次剂量的相关问题回答正确率分别为86.58%、82.33%、58.18%、50.90%、50.76%、50.42%、45.73%、32.89%、51.25%、48.32%及46.51%。仅有27.13%的麻醉科护士表示所在医院备有丹曲林钠。直辖市和省会城市麻醉科护士恶性高热相关知识得分高于其他城市(P<0.001)。二级医院麻醉科护士恶性高热相关知识得分高于三级医院(P<0.05);不同职称、不同学历、不同工作年限麻醉科护士恶性高热相关知识得分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论中国大陆地区麻醉科护士对恶性高热的相关知识了解不足。普及恶性高热相关知识,加强全国范围内麻醉科医护人员对恶性高热的认知度,对提高我国恶性高热的诊疗水平具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate and analyze the awareness of malignant hyperthermia(MH)in anesthesiology nurses in China's Mainland.Methods From November 2021 to January 2022,anesthesiology nurses of secondary hospitals or above in Chinese mainland were enrolled by convenience sampling and investigated by a self-designed questionnaire on the awareness of MH.The system automatically recorded the situation of questionnaires.Results A total of 2058 anesthesiology nurses participated in the survey,distributed in 21 provinces,2 autonomous regions(Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region)and 4 municipalities directly under the central government,and 2049 questionnaires were effectively received with effective recovery of 99.56%.The correct answers to questions related to the treatment of MH,characteristics of the disease,classification,susceptible population,screening method of the susceptible population,genetic mode,inducing factors,the first symptoms and the best infusion time of dantrolene,preparation method of domestic dantrolene and the first dose were 86.58%,82.33%,58.18%,50.90%,50.76%,50.42%,45.73%,32.89%,51.25%,48.32%and 46.51%,respectively.Only 27.13%of anesthesiology nurses expressed that dantrolene was available in their hospital.The scores of knowledge about MH among anesthesiology nurses in hospitals of province-level municipalities and provincial capital cities were significantly higher than those in other cities(P<0.001).The scores of knowledge about MH among the anesthesiology nurses in secondary hospitals were significantly higher than those in tertiary hospitals(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the scores of knowledge about MH among anesthesiology nurses with different professional titles,educational backgrounds,and working years(P>0.05).Conclusions Anesthesiology nurses in China's Mainland have insufficient awareness of MH.Popularizing the knowledge about MH and strengthening the awareness of MH in medical staff in the department of anesthesiology throughout the country may be of great significance in improving the diagnosis and treatment of MH in China.