互联网极端风险防范与大国博弈

The Internet Extreme Risk Prevention and the Game of Great Powers

网络空间成为陆、海、空、天等自然空间之外的第五维空间,人类的生活、工作、社会形态、国家治理模式正在被网络重构。网络空间也因此成为各国利益拓展的新焦点、大国博弈和军事竞争的“新场域”、全球治理和国际秩序的新关切,乃至国家主权的全新延展领域。在大国竞争热度不减、国际政治经济加剧动荡的背景下,世界主要大国围绕网络空间的争夺日趋激烈,这给全球带来系统性风险。从全球网络战的历史演进到俄乌冲突中以网络战为核心的全域复合战争实践,可以看到网络霸权对世界的现实影响,也可以看到多重因素交织给中国带来的复合性风险。为防范和应对来自互联网的极端风险,中国应站在大国博弈的高度,审视网络空间蕴含的重要战略价值,采取针对性措施加强网络安全建设,并在此基础上构建新型网络防御体系。

Cyberspace has become the fifth dimension besides the natural space such as land,sea,air,and space.Human life,work,and even social forms and national governance model are being reconstructed by the network.As a result,cyberspace has become a new focus for the expansion of national interests,a“new frontier”for major powers’game and military competition,a new concern for global governance and international order,and even a new extended realm of national sovereignty.Against the backdrop of unabated competition among major powers and intensified international political and economic turmoil,the world’s major powers are increasingly competing for dominance in cyberspace,which poses systemic risks to the world.From the historical evolution of global cyber warfare to the practice of global composite warfare centered on cyber warfare in the Russia-Ukraine conflict,the realistic impact of cyber hegemony on the world and the composite risks posed to China by the intertwining of multiple factors are exposed.In order to prevent and respond to extreme risks of the Internet,China should examine the important strategic value contained in cyberspace from the perspective of great powers’game,take targeted measures to strengthen cyber security,and build a new cyber defense system on this basis.