论个人信息财产权益的私法保护路径

The Research on the Private Law Protection Path of Personal Information Property Interests

在大数据时代,个人信息成为有经济价值的资源,但现行的法律并未明确存在个人信息财产性利益的保护路径。学界尝试从人格权的商品化、财产权等途径保护此财产性利益,但这些方式都不可克服的缺陷且饱受争议。保护路径的不确定性来源于个人信息财产权益法律属性的不确定性。《个人信息保护法》虽未完全明确个人信息财产权益的法律属性,但赋予了个人信息财产权益一定的排他效力与处分效力,初具财产权雏形,只是此权益包含在“框架性”的个人信息权益之中。基于个人信息与知识产权客体的相似性,以及为了更有利保护个人权益并满足信息产业的现实需求,应在此基础上独立确立财产权保护路径,同时在现有制度框架下建设个人信息流转与保护机构,以此促进个人信息财产权益转化为经济收入,使法律权益在公众生活中落实。

In the era of big data, personal information has become a resource of economic value.However, the current law does not clearly give a clear protection path to the property interests of personal information. Academic circles try to protect this property interest through the commercialization of personality rights and property rights, but these methods have insurmountable defects and are controversial. The uncertainty of the protection path comes from the uncertainty of the legal attribute of personal information property rights and interests. Although the Personal Information Protection Law does not completely clarify the legal attribute of personal information property rights and interests, it gives certain exclusive effect and disposal effect to personal information property rights and interests and has begun to take shape of property rights, but this right is included in the“framework”personal information rights and interests. Based on the similarity between personal information and the object of intellectual property rights, and in order to better protect personal rights and interests and meet the practical needs of the information industry, we should independently establish the path of property rights protection on this basis. In addition, we can build personal information circulation and protection institutions under the existing institutional framework, so as to promote the transformation of personal information property rights and interests into economic income and implement legal rights and interests in public life.