大蒜提取物促进排便功能的研究

Study on promotion of defecation function by Garlic extract

目的 研究大蒜提取物蒜氨酸、大蒜辣素、大蒜粉促进排便的作用。方法 采用洛哌丁胺建立小鼠便秘模型,将220只昆明种雄性小鼠随机分为2大组,分别进行小肠运动实验和排便实验,每组再随机分为空白对照组、模型组、蒜氨酸组(低、中、高剂量)、大蒜辣素组(低、中、高剂量)、大蒜粉组(低、中、高剂量),每组10只。观察蒜氨酸、大蒜辣素、大蒜粉干预15 d后对便秘模型小鼠的摄食量、小肠推进率、首粒黑便时间、6 h内排便粒数及重量、粪便性状、粪便含水量、结肠含水量、胃泌素、胃动力素、促胆囊收缩素含量、肠神经递质乙酰胆碱、P物质、一氧化氮和血管活性肽含量的影响。结果与模型组相比,蒜氨酸(低、中、高剂量)组、大蒜辣素(低、中、高剂量)组以及大蒜粉(低、中、高剂量)组小肠墨汁推进率明显增高(P<0.05)、首便时间明显缩短(P<0.01)、6 h排便粒数明显增加(P<0.01)、6 h粪重明显增加(P<0.01),粪便含水量明显增加(P<0.01)、粪便性状改善;小鼠血清中一氧化氮(NO)浓度下降(P<0.01)、乙酰胆碱(Ach)浓升高(P<0.01);胃泌素(GAS)、胃动力素(MTL)和促胆囊收缩素(CCK)显著增高(P<0.01);蒜氨酸组(中、高剂量)和大蒜辣素组(中、高剂量)血管活性肽(VIP)浓度明显下降(P<0.01);蒜氨酸组(高剂量)和大蒜辣素组(高剂量)小鼠血清中P物质(SP)浓度明显升高(P<0.05)。结论 蒜氨酸、大蒜辣素、大蒜粉通过调节肠神经递质与激素分泌促进排便,具有良好的通便功能。

Objective To investigate the function of Alliin, Allicin and Garlic powder in promoting defecation. Methods The constipation model of mice was established by loperamide, 220 male mice were randomly divided into two groups for small bowel peristaltic movement experiment and defecation experiment. Each group was randomly divided into blank control group, model group, Allicin group(low, medium and high doses), Allicin group(low, medium and high doses) and Garlic powder group(low, medium and high doses). After 15 days of intervention with Alliin, Allicin and Garlic powder, the effects of the food intake, intestinal propulsion rate, the first black stool time, the number and weight of defecation granules within 6 hours, fecal properties, fecal water content, colonic water content, gastrin, motilin, cholecystokinin, intestinal neurotransmitter acetylcholine, substance P, nitric oxide and vasoactive intestinal peptide were observed. Results Compared with the model group, the propulsion rates of small intestinal(marker) ink in Allicin(low, medium and high doses) group, Allicin(low, medium and high doses) group and Garlic powder(low, medium and high doses) group were significantly increased(P < 0.05), the first stool time were significantly shortened(P < 0.01), the number of fecal particles at 6 hours were significantly increased(P < 0.01), the fecal weight at 6 hours were raised(P < 0.01), the fecal water content were significantly increased(P < 0.01), the fecal properties were improved, the concentration of nitric oxide(NO) in serum were decreased(P < 0.01), the concentration of acetylcholine(Ach) were increased(P < 0.01), the serum gastrin(GAS), motilin(MTL) and cholecystokinin(CCK) were significantly raised(P < 0.01). The concentration of vasoactive peptide(VIP) were decreased significantly in Allicin group(medium and high dose) and Allicin group(medium and high dose)(P < 0.01);The concentration of substance P(SP) in Allicin group(high dose) and Allicin group(high dose) were increased significantly(P < 0.01), compared with the model group. Conclusion Alliin, Allicin and Garlic powder promote defecation by regulating the secretion of intestinal neurotransmitters and hormones.