2017—2020年中山市熟肉中奇异变形杆菌耐药特征分析

Analysis of drug resistance characteristics of Proteus mirabilis in cooked meat in Zhongshan City from 2017 to 2020

目的 了解2017-2020年中山市售熟肉食品中奇异变形杆菌的污染情况,并对其耐药特征进行分析。方法 对检出的奇异变形杆菌阳性菌株进行耐药分析,初筛可疑产超广谱β-内酰胺酶菌株,检测其基因并进行测序。结果 4年共检出184株奇异变形杆菌,其中多重耐药菌有117株。184株奇异变形杆菌对四环素、多粘菌素、米诺环素、多西环素和头孢唑林均有高耐药性;对氨苄西林-舒巴坦、头孢噻肟、头孢他啶、头孢西丁、庆大霉素、环丙沙星、阿莫西林-克拉维酸和左氧氟沙星有较高敏感率;所有菌株均对阿米卡星、美罗培南和亚胺培南敏感。184株奇异变形杆菌中仅分离出一株产超广谱β-内酰胺酶菌株。结论 2020年度与2017年度比较,熟肉中奇异变形杆菌对大多数抗生素的耐药率呈现下降趋势,多重耐药菌检出比例逐年下降;与临床检出菌株比较,熟肉中检出菌株的耐药率普遍比临床株低。应持续加强对奇异变形杆菌的耐药监控,对指导临床合理使用药物、延缓耐药菌株的产生有重大意义。

Objective To investigate the contamination of Proteus mirabilis in cooked meat products sold in Zhongshan City from 2017 to 2020,and to analyze its drug resistance characteristics.Methods The detected positive strains of Proteus mirabilis were analyzed for drug resistance.The suspected strains of producing extended spectrumβ-lactamases were detected by preliminary screening,then its genes were detected by using molecular biology methods and were finally sequenced.Results Among the 184 strains of Proteus mirabilis detected within 4 years,117 strains were multi-drug resistant.184 strains of Proteus mirabilis were highly resistant to tetracycline,polymyxin,minocycline,doxycycline and cefazolin,and they had a high sensitivity rate to ampicillin-sulbactam,cefotaxime,Ceftazidime,cefoxitin,gentamicin,ciprofloxacin,amoxicillin-clavulanic acid,and levofloxacin.In addition,all strains were sensitive to amikacin,meropenem and imipenem.Only one strain was isolated to produce extended spectrumβ-Lactamase bacteria.Conclusion Comparing 2020 with 2017,the resistance rate of Proteus mirabilis in cooked meat to most antibiotics showed a downward trend,and the detection rate of multi-drug resistant bacteria decreased year by year.Compared with the clinically detected strains,the drug resistance rate of the detected strains in cooked meat is generally lower than that of the clinical strains.The monitoring of drug resistance of Proteus mirabilis should be continuously strengthened,which is of great significance for guiding the rational use of drugs in clinical practice and delaying the emergence of drug-resistant strains.