女性生育与职业发展——来自中国上市公司女性高管的证据

Fertility and Career Development——Evidence from Female Executives of Publicly Listed Firms

本文使用上市公司高管数据,研究全面二孩政策对育龄女性高管职业表现及其受聘的影响。结果表明,政策使得国有企业在位育龄女性高管年薪上涨,离职减少,且受聘人数下降;相比国有企业,非国有企业受到的影响较小。可能的解释是,政策提高了育龄女性努力工作的成本,所以企业提高薪酬以激励她们继续努力工作,但这也降低了企业的收益,因此这一群体受聘人数下降;相比非国有企业,国有企业更难掌握高管的努力程度,因此其对政策的反应更加明显。

The impact of the universal two-child policy on hiring and job performance of female senior managers in fertile age is studied in this paper.The results show that in state-owned enterprises(SOE),the salary of female executives increases,while the turnover rate and the recruitment of females decrease after the policy.Compared with SOEs,non-SOEs are less affected.An explanation is that the policy increases cost of hard-working for women,firms have to increase salaries to motivate them.But this also reduces the profits of the company,so the number of hires decreases.Compared with non-SOEs,information asymmetry is severer in SOEs,so SOEs are more affected.