中国家庭收入不平等与消费不平等——基于收入冲击和消费保险视角的研究

Household Income Inequality and Consumption Inequality in China——Based on the Perspective of Income Shocks and Consumption Insurance

本文采用CFPS 2010—2018年数据,考察了中国家庭收入不平等和消费不平等之间的内在联系。研究发现:第一,收入不平等呈现先上升后下降的倒U形趋势,而消费不平等在平稳中有上升趋势。第二,消费对持久性冲击和暂时性冲击均存在部分保险。第三,收入不平等和消费不平等之间演变趋势的不同步可以通过这一时期收入冲击的持续程度和消费保险程度来解释。进一步分析表明,转移支付、耐用品交易和家庭资产在应对收入冲击时起着重要的保险作用。

The internal connection between household income inequality and consumption inequality in China is examined,using CFPS 2010-2018.The study shows:First,income inequality presents an inverted U-shaped trend,while consumption inequality has an upward trend.Second,household has partial insurance against permanent shocks and transitory shocks.Third,the inconsistency in the trends between income inequality and consumption inequality can be explained by the persistence of income shocks and the degree of consumption insurance.Further analysis shows that transfers,durable goods transactions and household assets play an important insurance role in income shocks.