论《蜀相》异文“丞一作蜀”的来源与性质

On the Origin and Nature of the Variant Text of “Cheng” in Du Fu’s Poem “Shu Xiang”

自宋代杜集结集以来,《蜀相》诗的异文面貌发生着历时性的演变。“丞一作蜀”始见于《杜诗详注》,是仇兆鳌受到尊刘正统观影响,并承续前人以春秋笔法解《咏怀古迹》其四的思路,根据两种不具校勘价值的明清人注本所采纳的异文,本质是阐释而非校勘。这组异文对后人产生了误导,仇兆鳌之后,遂出现了以“蜀相祠堂何处寻”为正文的杜集或选本。

Since the collection of Du Fu’s poems in the Song Dynasty,the variant texts of the poem “Shu Xiang” has evolved over time. The opinion that “the character‘Cheng’should be‘Shu’” first appeared in Detailed Notes on Du Fu’s Poems,which was adopted by Qiu Zhaoao under the influence of the orthodox view of Liu as the legitimate heir,and the idea of the previous writers who interpreted the fourth poem in “Thoughts on Historical Sites” in a spring-autumn style,based on two Ming and Qing dynasty commentaries of little value of proofreading. The variant text is thus essentially an interpretation rather than proofreading. This variant text misled future generations. After Qiu Zhaoao’s interpretation,there appeared the collection or anthology of Du Fu’s poems with the variant text “Where to Find the Shrine of the Prime Minister of Shu”.