病原菌检验对预防获得性感染疾病的应用效果

Application of pathogen test in prevention of acquired infectious diseases

目的探讨病原菌检验对预防获得性感染疾病的应用效果。方法收集2021年1月—2022年1月昌邑市卫生综合执法大队预防监督科收到的100份获得性感染疾病患者的血液样本或咽拭子样本,进行病原菌培养和鉴定,再对分离所得菌株开展药敏试验,分析主要病原菌菌株的耐药性。结果在100份获得性感染疾病患者的检验样本中,有102株病原菌经微生物培养和分离得到,以革兰阴性(G^(-))菌和革兰阳性(G^(+))菌为主,占比分别为73.53%、23.53%,真菌占比为2.94%。G^(-)菌主要为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌,占比分别为25.49%、21.57%、13.73%、11.76%;G^(+)菌主要为金黄色葡萄球菌,占比为18.63%。大肠埃希菌对左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星和亚胺培南具有高敏感性,敏感率分别为100.00%、96.15%、96.15%;肺炎克雷伯菌对左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星和亚胺培南具有高敏感性,敏感率分别为95.45%、100.00%、95.45%;铜绿假单胞菌对头孢西丁和亚胺培南具有高敏感性,敏感率均为100.00%;鲍曼不动杆菌对头孢哌酮舒巴坦和米诺环素具有高敏感性,敏感率均为91.67%;金黄色葡萄球菌对呋喃妥因、万古霉素、利奈唑胺和替加环素具有高敏感性,敏感率分别为94.74%、89.47%、100.00%、94.74%。结论获得性感染疾病的病原菌主要为G^(-)菌、G^(+)菌,菌株类型以大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌为主。为预防获得性感染疾病,需加强对常见病原菌的监测,加强微生物检验,并根据药敏试验结果选用高敏感性的抗菌药物对获得性感染疾病进行防治。

Objective To explore the application effect of pathogenic bacteria test in the prevention of acquired infectious diseases.Methods The 100 blood samples or throat swab samples from patients with acquired infectious diseases in Prevention and Supervision Department of Changyi Health Comprehensive Law Enforcement Brigade from January 2021 to January 2022 were collected,and pathogenic bacteria culture and identification were carried out.Then drug sensitivity tests were carried out on the isolated pathogen strains to analyze the drug resistance of the main pathogenic bacteria strains.Results Among the 100 samples of patients with acquired infectious diseases,102 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated and cultured.Gram negative(G^(-))bacteria and Gram positive bacteria(G^(+))accounted for 73.53% and 23.53% respectively,while fungi accounted for 2.94%.G^(-)bacteria were mainly Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii,accounting for 25.49%,21.57%,13.73% and 11.76%,respectively.G^(+)bacteria were mainly Staphylococcus aureus,accounting for 18.63%.Escherichia coli had high sensitivity to Levofloxacin,Ciprofloxacin and Imipenem,and the sensitive rates were 100.00%,96.15% and 96.15%,respectively.Klebsiella pneumoniae had high sensitivity to Levofloxacin,Ciprofloxacin and Imipenem,and the sensitive rates were 95.45%,100.00% and 95.45%,respectively.Pseudomonas aeruginosa had high sensitivity to Cefoxitin and Imipenem,and the sensitive rates were both 100.00%.Acinetobacter baumannii had high sensitivity to Cefoperazone sulbactam and Minocycline,and the sensitive rates were both 91.67%.Staphylococcus aureus had high sensitivity to Furantoin,Vancomycin,Linezolid and Tigecycline,and the sensitive rates were 94.74%,89.47%,100.00% and 94.74%,respectively.Conclusions The pathogenic bacteria of acquired infectious diseases are mainly G^(-)bacteria and G^(+)bacteria.The specific types of bacteria are mainly Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus.In order to prevent acquired infectious diseases,it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and monitoring of common pathogenic bacteria and strengthen microbiological examination.According to the results of drug sensitivity test,highly sensitive antibiotics were selected to prevent and treat acquired infectious diseases.