上海某典型电镀企业土壤污染特征

Soil Pollution Characteristics of A Typical Electroplating Enterprise in Shanghai

以历史电镀厂污染场地为研究对象,通过对其进行布点取样并进行污染物指标检验,筛选出主要污染物,利用相关评价方法对调查范围内土壤超标污染物进行了描述分析。电镀厂历史生产活动造成土壤重金属(铜、镍、锑、铅、钴、六价铬)、石油烃(C10~C40)、挥发性有机物(氯代烃)和半挥发性有机物(多环芳烃)污染,其中六价铬污染最严重。整体而言,大部分污染物污染程度随土壤深度递减,污染主要停留在填土层和粉质黏土层。部分污染物如六价铬和挥发性有机物中氯代烃污染程度存在随土壤深度递增的规律,与该类物质在土壤中的迁徙特性有关。研究为电镀企业区域土壤污染预防以及电镀污染地块调查评估提供参考依据。

Taking the polluted site of the historical electroplating plant as the research object,the main pollutants were screened out by sampling and testing the pollutant indicators,and the soil exceeding the standard pollutants in the survey area were described and analyzed by using the relevant evaluation methods.The historical production activities of the electroplating plant caused soil heavy metals(copper,nickel,antimony,lead,cobalt,hexavalent chromium),petroleum hydrocarbons(C10~C40),volatile organic compounds(chlorinated hydrocarbons)and semi-volatile organic compounds(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons)pollution,of which hexavalent chromium pollution was the most serious.Overall,the pollution degree of most pollutants decreased with soil depth,and the pollution mainly stayed in the fill layer and silty clay layer.The pollution degree of some pollutants such as hexavalent chromium and chlorinated hydrocarbons in volatile organic compounds increased with soil depth,which was related to the migration characteristics of these substances in soil.A reference was provided for the prevention of soil pollution in electroplating enterprises and the investigation and evaluation of electroplating contaminated plots.