职业人群蔬菜和水果摄入状况及其与抑郁、焦虑和压力症状的相关性

Association of Vegetables and Fruits Intake with Symptoms of Depression,Anxiety and Stress in Occupational Groups

目的:调查北京市职业人群蔬菜水果摄入状况并分析其与抑郁、焦虑和压力症状的相关性,为建立防治策略提供科学依据。方法:基于京津冀社区自然人群慢性病队列,选择北京市某单位健康体检的职业人群为研究对象,采用食物频率问卷和抑郁-焦虑-压力量表收集研究对象的相关信息数据;运用Logistic回归分别分析蔬菜水果摄入状况对职业人群抑郁、焦虑及压力的影响。结果:调查人群蔬菜、深色蔬菜和水果的日均摄入量分别为306.45、145.46、199.67 g/d;抑郁、焦虑、压力症状的检出率分别为14.40%、19.63%、6.70%;多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,蔬菜和水果摄入量越高,出现抑郁、焦虑、压力症状的风险越低。结论:职业人群蔬菜水果的摄入与其抑郁、焦虑和压力症状的出现呈负相关,适量增加职工食堂中的蔬菜水果对缓解职业人群的心理状况具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the intake of vegetables and fruits among the occupational groups in Beijing city and explore the association between the intake of vegetables and fruits and the symptoms of depression,anxiety and stress to provide scientific basis for the establishment of prevention and treatment strategies.Method Data on dietary intakes and psychological problems among the subjects were collected from questionnaire based on the survey of Cohort Study on Chronic Disease of Communities Natural Population in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei.The association between vegetables and fruits intakes and the symptoms of depression,anxiety and stress was assessed by multiple Logistic regression analysis.Result The average daily intake of vegetables,dark vegetables and fruits among the population was 306.45 g/d,145.46 g/d and 199.67 g/d,and the prevalence of depression,anxiety and stress was 14.4%,19.63%and 6.7%,respectively.After the adjustment for confounders,vegetables and fruits consumption were found to have protective effects on depression,anxiety and stress.Conclusion There is a negative correlation between the intake of fruits and vegetables and the symptoms of depression,anxiety and stress in the occupational groups.It is of great significance to increase the supply of fruits and vegetables in the canteen to alleviate the psychological condition of the occupational population.