列宁批判孟什维克机会主义谬论及其历史意义——基于《社会民主党在民主革命中的两种策略》

Lenin’s Criticism on the Fallacy of Menshevik Opportunism and Its Historical Significance:Based on Two Strategies of the Social Democratic Party in the Democratic Revolution

俄国1905年革命爆发之初,俄国社会民主党内的孟什维克就革命近期目标、革命领导权、革命斗争方式、革命经历的阶段和步骤、革命胜利后的政权归属等问题阐发了一系列机会主义谬论,在当时产生了严重的负面影响。列宁撰写了《社会民主党在民主革命中的两种策略》,公开对孟什维克的机会主义谬论进行批判,在破除思想迷雾的同时也阐发了无产阶级政党的革命策略路线。这一“批判”对列宁无产阶级革命思想的理论体系建构、推动俄国革命的整体发展进程、捍卫和发展马克思主义以及世界其他国家共产主义运动的发展都有重要历史意义。

At the beginning of the Russian Revolu tion in 1905, the Mensheviks in the Russian Social Democratic Party expounds a series of opportunistic fallacies on the recent objectives of the revolution, the revolutionary leadership, the mode of revolutionary struggle, the stages and steps of the revolution, and the ownership of political power after the victory of the revolution, which has a serious negative impact at that time.Lenin writes an article openly criticizing the opportunistic fallacies of the Menshevik, and expounding the revolutionary tactical line of the proletarian party while breaking the ideological puzzle. This "criticism" has important historical significance for the construction of the theoretical system of Lenin’s proletarian revolutionary thought, the promotion of the overall development process of the Russian revolution, the defense and development of Marxism, and the development of the communist movement in other countries in the world.