不同水质调控方式对刺参养殖池沉降颗粒中碳氮磷沉降通量影响的季节变化

Seasonal Effects of Different Regulation Methods of Water Quality on Fluxes of Carbon,Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Sedimentary Particles in Sea Cucumber Farming Ponds

在相邻且放养规格与密度及投喂等饲养方式相同的600 m×85 m×1.5 m常规刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)养殖池塘中,分别采用3种水质调控方式:自然纳潮水质调控方式(自然池塘)、进水口底部配置微孔曝气增氧设备(微孔曝气池塘)和配置养水机设备的参池(养水机池塘),探究不同水质调控方式对参池沉降颗粒中碳氮磷沉降通量影响的季节变化。2015年10月—2016年9月期间,每月换水后1 d,在各池底部中轴线的进水口、中部、排水口分别用沉降颗粒收集装置(实用新型专利:CN 203178112 U)收集沉降颗粒物样品,测定总碳、总氮和总磷沉降通量。结果表明,夏季自然池塘水中总碳和总氮沉降通量显著低于另两种参池(P<0.05);秋季养水机池塘显著低于另两种参池(P<0.05);冬季养水机池塘总磷沉降通量显著低于另两种参池,与自然池塘差异显著(P<0.05)。结果表明,选择合适的水质辅助设备有助于改善参池水质。

Influences of different regulation methods of water quality on the sedimentation flux of carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus in the sedimentation particles were monthly investigated in adjacent 600 m×85 m×1.5 m conventional marketable sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus)culture ponds with the same stocking size,and density of the sea cucumber and management methods under three water quality control methods:natural tidal water exchange(natural pond),and the sea cucumber pond equipped with microporous aeration equipment at the bottom of the water outlet(microporous aeration pond),and the sea cucumber pond equipped with a water regulator machine(water regulator machine)to probe into the seasonal changes in flux index of total carbon,total nitrogen,and total phosphorus in the sedimentation particle in the ponds with different regulation methods of water quality.The sedimentation flux index of total carbon,total nitrogen,and total phosphorus in the sedimentation particles was determined by a sedimentation particle collection device(utility model patent:CN 203178112 U)at the inlet,middle and outlet of the central axis of the bottom of each pond one day after the monthly water exchange from October 2015 to September 2016.The results showed that there were significantly lower total carbon deposition flux and total nitrogen deposition flux in summer in the natural pond than those in the other two sea cucumber farming ponds(P<0.05),with significantly lower total carbon and total nitrogen deposition flux in autumn in the water quality regulator ponds than those in the other two sea cucumber ponds(P<0.05).There was significantly lower total phosphorus deposition flux in winter in water quality regulator ponds than that in the other two sea cucumber ponds,significantly different from that in the natural ponds(P<0.05),indicating that the appropriate water quality auxiliary control equipment can help improve the environmental problems in the sea cucumber culture ponds.