壳聚糖对葡萄幼苗生理生态的影响

Effects of Chitosan on Physiology and Ecology of Grape Seedlings

为筛选出最有利于葡萄生长的壳聚糖浓度,以葡萄幼苗为材料,对其喷施浓度为0、1、2、4和6 g/L的壳聚糖溶液,研究了壳聚糖对葡萄生长及生理的影响。结果表明:喷施不同浓度壳聚糖后,葡萄幼苗生物量、光合色素含量和光合作用均较对照显著增加,且随壳聚糖浓度的增加而呈先增加后减少的趋势,当壳聚糖浓度为4 g/L时,葡萄幼苗生物量、光合色素含量及净光合速率均最大。喷施壳聚糖后,葡萄幼苗叶片抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶)活性、可溶性蛋白含量、丙二醛含量及相对电导率均随喷施浓度增大不断提高,且在壳聚糖浓度为6 g/L时达到峰值。经壳聚糖处理后葡萄幼苗各部分可溶性糖含量也有所上升,根系、茎秆可溶性糖含量在壳聚糖浓度为4 g/L时达最高值。因此,壳聚糖能够促进葡萄幼苗生长,在一定程度上提高了葡萄幼苗的抗逆性。

In order to screen out the most optimal concentration for grape’s growth, the effect of chitosan spraying at concentrations of 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/L on grape seedlings growth and physiological characteristics was studied.The results showed that after spraying of different concentrations of chitosan, the biomass, photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthesis of grape seedlings increased significantly compared with the control, and it increased at first and then decreased with the increase of chitosan concentration. When the concentration of chitosan was 4 g/L, the biomass, photosynthetic pigment content and net photosynthetic rate of grape seedlings were the highest. After spraying of chitosan, the activities of antioxidant enzymes(superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase), soluble protein content, malond ialdehyde(MDA) content and relative conductivity of grape seedlings increased with the increase of spraying concentration, and it reached the peak at 6 g/L chitosan concentration. The soluble sugar content of each part of grape seedlings also increased under chitosan treatment, and the soluble sugar content of root and stem reached the highest value when the chitosan concentration was 4 g/L. Therefore, chitosan can promote the growth of grape seedlings and improve the resistance of grape seedlings to a certain extent.