冀西北地区不同葡萄砧木生长及抗寒性比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Growth and Cold Resistance of Different Grape Rootstocks in Northwest Hebei

连续3 a对贝达、5BB、SO4、101-14、110R、188-08、1103P、3309、140R、山河2号等10个砧木品种在田间进行冬季不埋土防寒措施下田间观察,调查成熟枝条节间长度、根孽株数、抗病性、抗寒性等内容并进行比较分析。结果表明:贝达、山河2号成龄叶裂片数和成龄叶形状为三裂、楔形,其他品种成龄叶裂片数和成龄叶形状为五裂、五角形;1103P、140R、3309共计3个砧木品种有当年未成熟的枝条;每个品种均可从根孽萌发,贝达抗寒性为3级,101-14抗寒性介于3~4级之间,其他品种抗寒性为5级。、10个品种对葡萄霜霉病、白粉病均免疫(IS)。贝达和101-14共计2个品种适宜在冀西北地区及相似气候地区做砧木。

In order to select grape rootstocks with strong cold and disease resistance, which are suitable for cultivation in arid and semi-arid areas of Northwest Hebei, ten rootstock varieties, including Beida, 5 bb, SO4, 101-14, 110 R, 188-08, 1103 p, 3309, 140 R and Shanhe 2, were observed in winter without burying in soil for three consecutive years.The internode length, root number, disease resistance and cold resistance of mature branches were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that 1. The number and shape of mature leaves of Beida and Shanhe No.2 were three lobed and wedge-shaped, while the number and shape of mature leaves of other varieties were five lobed and pentagonal;2.1103 P, 140 R and 3309 had immature branches.Each variety could germinate from the root.The cold resistance of Beida was grade 3, 101-14 was between grade 3 and 4, and that of other varieties was grade 5. 3. Ten varieties were immune to downy mildew and powdery mildew(IS). Two cultivars of Beida and 101-14 are suitable for rootstocks in Northwest Hebei and similar climatic regions.