美军无人空战装备智能化发展动态及启示

Development and Implications of Intelligent Unmanned Combat Aerial Equipment by the US Army

美军无人机在军事行动中发挥了巨大作用,且数量规模和智能化水平在不断攀升。为抢占无人智能化作战新的制高点,美军开展了一系列新的研究试验。从美军现役无人机装备出发,分析了其主要作战运用特点以及优缺点。针对美军装备无人智能化发展新动态,重点分析了自主空中加油“、忠诚僚机”、弹群协同、算法战、先进作战管理等软硬件方面取得的重大进展,并总结了其无人智能化发展呈现出的新规律、新特点。从空战理论、能力技术和装备体系3个方面,提出了应对无人智能化装备发展的思考建议。

U.S.military unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)play an important role in military operations.There is an increasing trend for the total number of the UAVs and their intelligent level.To seize the high ground in the domain of the unmanned intelligent warfare,the US army are carrying out a series of new research projects.This paper analyzes the operational characteristics as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the U.S.military′s in-service UAV equipment.According to the latest development of the intelligent technology in software and hardware,the projects of Carrier-Based Aerial-Refueling System,Loyal Wingman,Golden Horde,Project Maven,Advanced Battle Management System are analyzed in detail.The new characteristics and pattern of these intelligent military equipment are presented.The implications and suggestions for tackling the development of unmanned intelligent equipment are proposed in terms of the air combat theory,capabilities and techniques,as well as the equipment system.