国内市场分割与出口国内附加值率——兼论贸易开放度和贸易政策不确定性的调节效应

Domestic Market Segmentation and Domestic Value Added Ratio of Exports—On Moderating Effects of Trade Openness and Trade Policy Uncertainty

本文将市场分割引入企业生产决策过程,构建模型研究了国内市场分割对本地企业出口国内附加值率的影响。在此基础上采用中国制造业企业的微观数据,对我国省际市场分割对本地企业出口国内附加值率的影响及其作用机制进行了实证检验。研究结果表明:国内市场分割显著地降低了企业出口国内附加值率,这一结论在采用修正的市场分割指标、考虑企业出口国内附加值率延续性,以及克服内生性问题后仍然成立。市场分割对一般贸易企业出口国内附加值率的负面影响比混合贸易企业和加工贸易企业要大;对劳动密集型企业的影响比资本和技术密集型企业要小。市场分割通过提高企业成本和抑制研发创新这两个渠道降低了企业的出口国内附加值率。提高贸易开放程度和降低贸易不确定性,有助于减小市场分割对出口国内附加值率的负向作用。未来应通过消除市场分割,形成统一开放的国内市场,从而突破我国在全球低端链上的路径依赖,实现“中国制造”向全球产业价值链高端攀升。

This paper constructs a theoretical model by taking domestic market segmentation into consideration and analyzes theoretically the effect of domestic market segmentation on domestic value added ratio of firms’exports.It then analyzes empirically the impacts and mechanisms of market segmentation on domestic value added ratio of firms’exports based on microdata of Chinese manufacturing enterprises.Results show that domestic market segmentation significantly reduces domestic value added ratio of firms’exports.This conclusion is still established after adopting the revised market segmentation index,considering the continuity of domestic value added ratio of firms’exports,and overcoming endogenous problems.Market segmentation has a greater negative impact on the domestic value added ratio of exports of general trading enterprises than mixed trade and processing trade,and has less impact on labor intensive enterprises than capital and technology intensive enterprises.Market segmentation reduces domestic value added ratio of firms’exports through increasing the cost and curbing R&D innovation.Increasing trade openness and reducing trade uncertainly would help to reduce the negative impact of market segmentation on the domestic value added rate of exports.We should eliminate market segmentation and form a unified and open domestic market to break through dependence on the global low-end chain and realize the“Made in China”climb to the high end of the global industrial value chain.