齿轮螺旋角对门控减速机噪声影响分析

Influence of Gear Helix Angle on Noise of Door Controlled Reducer

齿轮噪声是检验齿轮加工质量的重要指标之一,同时也是齿轮应用中的常见问题。为了有效改善齿轮噪声,研究了采用适当增加斜齿轮螺旋角来降低齿轮啮合噪声的方法。以门控减速机一级电机轴与斜齿轮为分析对象,通过三维软件建模并简化模型,利用Comsol Multiphysics软件中的声学模块模拟螺旋角19°~23°的齿轮啮合声压级;并使用UT353分贝仪贴近和距离1 m实测了空载和负载工况下螺旋角19°~23°的齿轮啮合声压级。结果表明,通过改变螺旋角,减速机噪声得到了2~6 dB的优化,且负载工况比空载工况优化效果更好。最后,通过限制刀具的使用次数,保证了电机轴和齿轮批量生产的稳定性。

Gear noise has become an important index to check the gear processing quality,and it is also a common problem in gear application. In order to effectively solve the noise problem of gears in use,a method which can appropriately increase the helix angle of helical gears to reduce the gear meshing noise is adopted.Taking the first stage motor shaft and helical gears of the door controlled reducer as the analysis object,the model is established and simplified by three-dimensional software,and the sound pressure level of 19°~23° helical angle gear meshing is simulated using the acoustic module in Comsol Multiphysics software;the meshing sound pressure levels of 19°~23° helical angle gears under no-load and loaded conditions are measured with UT353decibel instrument from close to and 1 m away. The test results show that by improving the helix angle,the reducer noise is optimized by 2~6 dB,and the optimization effect under loaded conditions is better than that under no-load condition. Finally,the stability of mass production of motor shafts and gears is ensured by limiting the use times of cutting tools.