疾控中心微生物实验室质量控制的影响因素及对策研究

Research on the Influencing Factors and Countermeasures of Quality Control in the Microbiology Laboratory of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention

目的疾控中心微生物实验室质量控制的影响因素及对策研究。方法从疾控中心微生物实验室随机挑选2020年1月—2021年12月间微生物检验样本400份作为研究对象,对实验室检查中质量问题发生情况进行统计,对造成质量问题的影响因素进行分析。且根据质量控制措施实施前(2020年1—12月)、质量控制措施实施后(2021年1—12月),把样本进行分组,每组200份样本,对质量问题发生率、影响因素对检验结果的影响进行比较分析。结果质量控制实施后,质量问题发生率要明显低于质量控制实施前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在质量问题中,有11份是因为样本因素影响,14份是因为操作因素影响,12份是操作人员因素影响,5份是仪器因素影响,7份是环境因素影响;且微生物实验室质量控制实施后质量得到明显控制,尤其是显著降低了样本因素、仪器因素、环境因素带来的不良影响。结论在疾控中心微生物实验室检验中,检验质量受到多种因素影响,全面把控这些因素,且有针对性实施质量控制,能够有效降低质量问题发生率,提升检验准确性。

Objective To study the influencing factors and countermeasures of quality control in the microbiology laboratory of CDC.Methods A total of 400 microbiological test samples were randomly selected from January 2020 to December 2021 from the Microbiology Laboratory of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as the research objects.Statistics on the occurrence of quality problems in laboratory inspections,and analysis of the influencing factors causing quality problems.And according to the quality control measures before implementation(from January to December 2020)and after the implementation of quality control measures(from January to December 2021).The samples were divided into groups,and each group was divided into 200 microbiological test samples,and the incidence of quality problems and the influence of influencing factors on the test results were compared and analyzed.Results After the implementation of quality control,the incidence of quality problems was significantly lower than that before the implementation of quality control,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Among the quality problems,11 were due to sample factors,14 were due to operational factors,12 were due to operator factors,5 were due to instrument factors,and 7 were due to environmental factors.And the quality of the microbiology laboratory was significantly controlled after the implementation of quality control,especially the adverse effects caused by sample factors,instrument factors and environmental factors were significantly reduced.Conclusion In the microbiological laboratory test of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention,the test quality is affected by a variety of factors.These factors are comprehensively controlled,and quality control is implemented in a targeted manner.It can effectively reduce the incidence of quality problems and improve the accuracy of inspection.