Stevens-Johnson综合征眼部病变的研究进展

Research progress on ocular lesions of Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Stevens-Johnson综合征(SJS)为一类主要由药物过敏引起的皮肤和黏膜的不良反应,严重者可危及生命。对于SJS存活者,眼部损害被认为是最严重的并发症,近年来大量研究对其遗传易感性及免疫机制进行了探讨,已发现多个易感基因参与其发生发展,但鉴于较高的种族及药物特异性,相关机制仍需进一步明确。SJS的眼部病变早期易被忽视,患者往往出现严重视力下降后才考虑眼科治疗,尤其在我国,一定数量的患者在就诊时眼表已遭到严重破坏,而现有治疗方法对此类患者的视力恢复并不理想。因此,本文主要针对病因及治疗对SJS眼部病变相关研究进展进行综述,以期提高临床医生对患者眼部病变的警惕性,并为疾病的诊疗及相关领域的研究提供参考。

·Stevens-Johnson syndrome(SJS)refers to a type of adverse reactions of the skin and mucosa mainly caused by drug allergy,which can be life-threatening in serious cases.For SJS survivors,ocular damage are accepted as the most severe complications.In recent years,because of the extensive research of its genetic susceptibility and immune pathogenesis,varied susceptibility genes which are involved in the ocular complications of SJS have been discovered.However,further efforts are still needed to clarify relevant mechanisms due to the high ethnicity and drug specificity.Ocular lesions of SJS are prone to be neglected in the early stage,and patients often receive ophthalmic treatment after a severe visual loss.Especially in China,the ocular surface of most patients has already been seriously damaged when they went to the ophthalmology department,while existing treatments achieve unsatisfactory results in improving visual acuity.Therefore,recent research progress is reviewed in this article on etiology and treatment of SJS ocular lesions,in order to raise clinicians’awareness of ocular complications,and provide references for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and research in related fields.