元宇宙的空间生产与空间正义——以元宇宙“虚拟城市”为例

The Production of Space and Justice of Space in Metaverse: Taking the “Virtual City” as an Example

元宇宙作为新一代互联网技术,必将引起网络空间结构的深刻变革。网络信息空间曾经是以高度流动性、身体不在场为主要特色的缺场空间,而元宇宙则凭借新的技术手段打造三维拟真场景和身体高度涉入的沉浸感,从而对互联网缺场空间形成重构,使网络信息空间进入到“虚拟在场”的空间状态。元宇宙空间已经不仅是一个用于快速传递信息的节点间网络,更是一个有明确物质载体的数字地域共同体。网络信息空间变得具有更多城市空间的属性,网络信息空间中的生产活动越来越像城市空间生产。从元宇宙“虚拟城市”的早期案例中可以发现,其既有资本主导、投机炒房等空间非正义的一面,也有用户自主参与、区块链去中心化等空间正义的一面。要实现元宇宙的空间正义,进行共享的、均衡的空间生产与分配,就必须超越数字资本主义。

Cyberspace used to be an absent space characterized by high mobility and physical absence. Metaverse relies on new media technology to create a three-dimensional virtual scene and a sense of immersion in which the body is highly involved, so as to reconstruct the absent space of the Internet and make the cyberspace enter the spatial state of “virtual presence”.Metaverse is not only an inter node network for rapid transmission of information, but also a digital regional community with clear material carrier, which makes the communication space usher in another major change after the Internet revolution. Cyberspace and even the whole communication space will have more attributes of urban space, and the production activities in space are more and more like the production of urban space.From the early cases of “virtual city” in Metaverse, we can find that there are not only the aspects of spatial injustice such as capital leading and speculation in real estate, but also the aspects of spatial justice such as user independent participation and block chain decentralization.To realize the space justice of Metaverse and carry out shared and balanced space production and distribution, we must surpass digital capitalism.