轴流压缩机叶片断裂故障分析及应对措施

FAULT ANALYSIS ON BLADE FRACTURE OF AXIAL COMPRESSOR AND COUNTERMEASURES

轴流压缩机是催化裂化装置的核心设备.2020年6~8月,某集团公司3台轴流压缩机出现叶片断裂事故被迫停工,给生产带来较大的影响.经分析发现,叶片断裂的主要原因是机组偏离设计工况运行或叶片本身存在应力集中,长期运行中出现微裂纹,裂纹不断扩展并最终导致其发生疲劳断裂.通过加强叶片检测,对出现裂纹的叶片进行预防性更换,提高了机组运行可靠性,取得了较好的效果.

A xial com pressor is the core equipment of catalytic cracking unit.From June to August 2020,the blade fracture accidents occurred in three axial compressors of certain company,resulting in shutdown,which had a great impact on production.Through analysis,it is found that the main reason for the blade fracture is that the compressor deviated from the design operating conditions or there was stress concentration of the blade itself.Micro-cracks occurred during long-term operation,and the cracks continued to expand and eventually led to fatigue fracture.After that,the blade detection was strengthened,and the cracked blades were replaced preventively,which has improved the operation reliability of the compressors and achieved good results.