高精度齿轮螺旋线样板的测量方法与仪器

Measuring methods and instruments of high precision gear helix artifact

齿轮螺旋线偏差是评定齿轮精度等级及承载均匀性的重要指标,也是齿轮国家标准GB/T 10095.1-2008中规定的四项必检项目之一,其溯源与量值传递基准是齿轮螺旋线样板。高精度螺旋线偏差测量,目前从高精度螺旋线样板结构及制造、研制高精度专用测量仪两个维度开展研究,测量精度得到一定提升,但现有齿轮螺旋线样板结构参数不符合我国1级精度齿轮螺旋线样板的规格要求,已有专用测量仪的测量不确定度也不能满足我国1级齿轮螺旋线样板的测量需求。本文综述了螺旋线偏差的两类常规测量方法与仪器,归纳了齿轮螺旋线样板的设计与结构特性以及国内外高精度齿轮螺旋线偏差测量专用量仪的研究成果,在总结现有典型螺旋线测量仪及专用测量仪不足之处的基础上,提出了一种符合国家标准的等公法线齿轮螺旋线样板及其纯滚动测量方法与仪器,并对其发展前景做出了展望。

Gear helix deviation is an important index for evaluating gear accuracy class and bearing uniformity,and it is one of the four mandatory inspection items specified in the national standard for gear GB/T10095.1-2008.The datum for tracing the source of gear helix deviation and value transmission is the gear helix artifact.To realize high-precision helix deviation measurement,studies have considered the perspectives of high-precision helix artifact structure,manufacturing,and development of high-precision special measuring instrument,which have improved the measurement accuracy of helix deviation to a certain extent.However,the structural parameters of existing helix artifact and the measurement uncertainty of existing special measuring instruments do not meet the specification and measurement requirements of a Class-1 gear helix artifact in China,respectively.This paper summarizes two conventional measurement methods and instruments of helix deviation,followed by a summary of the design and structural characteristics of gear helix artifacts and the research results of special measuring instruments for high-precision gear helix deviation measurement.A pure rolling measurement method and instrument of a gear helix artifact with an equal common normal is proposed in line with the Chinese national standard.