高密度人口城市应对极端暴雨的韧性优化分析

Analysis of optimizing the resilience of high-density cities in deal with extreme rainstorms

由于近年来极端暴雨频发和人口的高密度发展,城市的基础设施跟不上发展需求,人口的高密度使城市对灾害的敏感度增加,导致灾害发生时损失较大。如何优化城市的韧性,降低极端暴雨天气带来的灾害损失,增强城市抵御灾害的能力,使得受灾后快速恢复城市运行的问题亟待解决。从受灾人数、经济损失、基础设施等方面分析了高密度人口城市的脆弱性,进而从优化海绵城市建设、防洪标准、城市基础设施、灾害预警及设施数字化等几个方面优化高密度人口城市应对及适应灾害的韧性,有效降低灾害程度,使得高密度人口城市面对极端暴雨灾害时能“收放自如”。

In recent years, due to the frequent occurrence of extreme rainstorms and the high population density, the infrastructure of the city cannot keep up with the development needs. The high density of population increases the sensitivity of cities to disaster-causing factors, resulting in greater losses in cities when disasters occur. How to optimize the resilience of cities, reduce disaster losses caused by extreme rainstorms, and enhance the ability of cities to withstand disasters, and make the problem of rapid restoration of city after disasters urgently needed to be resolved. This article analyzes the vulnerability of the number of people affected, economic losses, and infrastructure in high population density cities. And then from the optimization of sponge city construction, flood control standards, urban infrastructure,disaster early warning and facility digitization to improve the resilience of high-density cities after disasters to respond to and adapt to disasters. Resilience can effectively reduce the degree of disasters, so that high-density cities can "retract and unwind freely" in the face of extreme rainstorms.