医养结合背景下沿海地区社区老年人的心理健康状况

Mental Health Status of the Elderly in Communities of Coastal Districts Under the Background of the Combination of Medical Medicine and Care

目的探讨医养结合背景下沿海地区社区老年人的心理健康状况,为提升与改善老年群体的身心健康提供科学依据。方法随机抽取2019-2020年沿海地区某城市居民社区60岁及以上老年人510名,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行问卷调查,选择SCL-90成人常模与老年人常模为对比标准,分析沿海地区社区老年人的心理健康状况。结果沿海地区某城市社区老年人总体心理健康水平较好,但各因子与成人常模、老年人常模的差异又有不同。510名社区老年人的SCL-90总分、总均分、阳性项目数、阳性项目均分及人际关系敏感、敌对、恐怖、偏执评分均低于成人常模(P<0.05),躯体化评分高于成人常模(P<0.05),其余项目评分与成人常模的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);躯体化、强迫症状和焦虑评分低于老年人常模(P<0.05),其余项目评分与老年人常模的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄、月收入、文化程度、慢性病种类和婚姻状态老年人的SCL-90评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论医养结合背景下,沿海地区某城市社区老年人心理健康水平普遍较好,社区服务人员应给予老年群体的心理健康以更多的重视,凭借合理引导,来尽可能改善其心理健康水平,提升老年群体的生活质量。

Objective The mental health status of the elderly in communities of coastal districts was explored under the background of the combination of medical medicine and care,so as to provide scientific basis for promoting the mental and physical health of the elderly.Methods A total of 510 elderly people aged 60 and above in an urban community in coastal districts from 2019 to 2020 were randomly selected and investigated with symptom check list-90(SCL-90)questionnaire.Taking SCL-90 adult norm and elderly norm as the comparison standard,the mental health status of the elderly in communities of costal districts was analyzed.Results The overall mental health level of the elderly in an urban community in the coastal districts was better,but the factors were different from the adult norm and the elderly norm.The total SCL-90 score,total average score,number of positive items,average score of positive items of SCL-90 and the scores of interpersonal sensitivity,hostility,terror and stubbornness of the 510 elderly people in the community were lower than those of the adult norm(P<0.05);the score of somatization was higher than that of the adult norm(P<0.05),and there was no statistically significant difference in scores of the other items compared with the adult norm(P>0.05);the scores of somatization and obsessive-compulsive symptoms and anxiety were lower than that of the elderly norm(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in scores of the other items compared with the elderly norm(P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in SCL-90 scores among the elderly with different ages,monthly incomes,educational levels,types of chronic diseases and marital statuses(P<0.05).Conclusions Under the background of the combination of medical medicine and care,the mental health level of the elderly in an urban community in coastal districts is generally good.Community service personnel should pay more attention to the mental health of the elderly and help them effectively improve the mental health and quality of life through reasonable guidance.