孟子“以意逆志”说与西方“作者中心”的阐释学思想比较

A Comparison between Mencius’Theory of“Understanding by Heart”and Western“Author-centered”Hermeneutics

“以意逆志”是孟子在中国古代“诗言志”的诗学传统和孔子“述而不作”的阐释思路影响下提出的阐释理论,它要求阐释者在立足于自身体验的基础上,推测和恢复作者的原意。这一理论与西方“作者中心”的阐释学思想有着共通之处,不仅体现在对作者原意的尊重和索求上,也体现于它们所共同蕴涵的伦理价值选择中。将“以意逆志”的阐释理论与西方“作者中心”的阐释思想进行比较,通过交流与对话,为中国现代阐释学体系建构提供思路。

Under the influence of ancient Chinese poetic tradition of“expressing one’s will through poetry”and Confucius’idea of“expressing one’s will without doing anything”,Mencius proposed the explanatory theory of“Understanding by Heart”.It requires interpreters to speculate and recover the author’s original intention on the basis of their own experience.This theory has something in common with western“Author-centered”Hermeneutics,which is not only embodied in the respect and pursuit of the author’s original intention,but also in the choice of ethical values contained in them.This paper compares the interpretative theory of“Understanding by Heart”with the western interpretative thought of“Author-centeredHermeneutics”,and provides possible ideas for the construction of Chinese modern hermeneutic system through communication and dialogue.