不同来源生物炭浸提液对辣椒种子萌发与幼苗生长的毒理效应

Toxicological Effects of Biochar Extract Solutions from Different Sources onSeed Germination and Seedling Growth of Pepper

为明确生物炭对辣椒生长的毒性效应,以生物炭浸提液培养方法研究不同来源(水稻秸秆、杂木、牛粪和污泥)生物炭浸提液对辣椒种子的萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,木质生物炭(MZBC)浸提液促进了辣椒种子的萌发,而污泥生物炭和牛粪生物炭浸提液明显抑制了辣椒种子的萌发,且进入幼苗阶段,抑制影响仍在持续。此外,污泥生物炭(WNBC)和牛粪生物炭(NFBC)浸提液处理下幼苗根系超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性显著增加,且牛粪生物炭浸提液处理的幼苗根系丙二醛(MDA)含量明显升高,表明牛粪生物炭处理下幼苗根系细胞膜完整性被破坏,发生脂质过氧化,表现出明显的毒性效应;同时,4个生物炭浸提液处理下的叶片MDA含量均未高于CK处理。以上结果表明,相较于叶片,根系对外界环境更敏感,更容易受到伤害。

In order to clarify the toxic effects of biochar on the growth of pepper,the effects of biochar extract solutions from different sources(rice straw,miscellaneous tree,cow dung and sludge)on the germination and seedling growth of pepper seeds were studied by using the biochar extract solution culturing method.The results showed that the extract solution of woody biochar(MZBC)promoted the germination of pepper seeds,while the extract solutions of sludge-derived biochar and cow dung biochar significantly inhibited the germination of pepper seeds,and the inhibitory effect would continue when the pepper grew into the seedling stage.Additionally,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and peroxidase(POD)in seedling roots treated with sludge-derived biochar(WNBC)and cow dung biochar(NFBC)extract solutions were significantly increased,and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in the roots of seedlings treated with cow dung biochar extract solution increased significantly,indicating that the cell membrane integrity of seedling roots was destroyed and the lipid peroxidation occurred under the treatment of cow dung biochar,which showed obvious toxic effects.Meanwhile,the contents of MDA in leaves treated with four biochar extract solutions were all not higher than that under the CK treatment.The above results showed that compared with leaves,the roots were more sensitive to the external environment and more vulnerable to damage.