知识图谱视角下后工业景观研究回顾与展望

Review and Prospect of Post-Industrial Landscape Research from the Perspective of Knowledge Mapping

本研究以CNKI和Web of Science数据库中“后工业景观”主题论文为数据源,采用知识图谱与系统综述相结合的方法,开展了后工业景观研究的共被引网络与研究热点演进可视化制图、研究成果地理分布、国内主要方向与成果和国外研究与实践项目的借鉴分析。结论如下:后工业景观研究已步入繁荣发展阶段,形成了一批合作关系稳定的学术团队和主流期刊族群。目前,国际的后工业景观设计研究关注多目标约束下工业用地景观化改造提升研究与营建。中国的后工业景观设计研究主要聚焦在工业遗产与遗址可持续性活化探索方面,其设计实践研究呈现出三类倾向:改造提升,自然资源规划与重组和人文资源规划与重组。后工业景观的学科体系还需学界同仁共同完善。

Post-industrial landscape is the product of the “grafting” of industrial heritage and landscape,involving industrial architecture,industrial production,heritage conservation,industrial economy,soil restoration,ecological planning,landscape design,architectural t ransfor mation,species diversit y conser vation and many other f ields,with obvious interdisciplinary characteristics.In the past 20 years,the rapid development of research in this field,with emerging massive research results and substantial increases in research documents,led to the difficulties to objectively grasp the breadth and depth of current research content by traditional literature review methods.Since the 21st century,powerful information technologies and socio-economic foundations have provided the space for comprehensive development of bibliometrics,coupled with the development and sharing of various document information visualization software with friendly interface,which compensates for the inefficiency and incompleteness of the traditional manual review of literature,and provides assistance in researchers to draw the knowledge mapping and hotspot evolution of a subject in their field of concern.The purpose of this study is to compare the development process and knowledge mapping of post-industrial landscape research in China and abroad,explore the disciplinary stage of post-industrial landscape research in our country,and propose trends and perspectives.Papers related to the topic of “Post-Industrial Landscape” in CNKI and Web of Science Core Collection(WOS) databases are used as data sources.The method combines knowledge graph analysis and systematic review to carry out research from the following four aspects:1) From the perspective of bibliometrics and research weaving,the research hotspots and evolution of post-industrial landscape research are visualized by analyzing and drawing the knowledge graph of co-citation network nodes through CiteSpace.2) From the perspective of geography,in virtue of the biblioshiny platform,spatial distribution patterns and weak areas of global post-industrial landscape research are sorted out and described.3) From the perspective of systematic review,the main sub fields and representative research results of post-industrial landscape research in China are sorted out and synthesized.4) Drawing lessons from relevant foreign research and excellent practice projects,the gaps and deficiencies in the research and construction of post-industrial landscapes in China are identified.It is concluded that post-industrial landscape research has entered into the stage of prosperity and development,formed a number of academic teams with stable cooperative relations and mainstream journal communities in this field.Currently,post-industrial landscape design research in China focuses on the sustainable revitalization of industrial heritage and heritage sites driven by landscape architecture and urban regeneration projects.International research on post-industrial landscape design focuses on the study and construction of landscaping improvements for industrial sites under the constraints of multiple objectives.Domestic research forces are mainly concentrated in universities in Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai,Xi’an,Shenyang and other places,while international research institutions are mainly located in universities in industrially developed countries in East Asia,Western Europe and the Americas.Research on the design practice of industrial heritage areas shows three types of tendencies,transformation and upgrading,natural resource planning and restructuring,and human resource planning and restructuring.In a word,the disciplinary system of post-industrial landscape still needs to be systematically explored and improved by relevant scholars at home and abroad under the cooperative framework of the industrial heritage community.Finally,combined with China’s actual and socio-economic development needs,the prospect to the work in future development direction of post-industrial landscapes in China and urgent problems need to be solved is proposed.Influenced by the modern view of history,the emphasis on the ‘witnessing’ role of industrial cultural heritage led to the focus of early industrial cultural heritage conservation on the material carriers of heritage,and traditional cultural heritage conservation research was mainly focused on the tangible elements of heritage sites.Modern Chinese industrial culture is characterised by industrial culture with a planned economy model,accompanied by structural changes in socialism.Although cultural perspectives have been introduced into the field of cultural heritage conservation in recent years,cultural heritage conservation from a European historicist perspective,influenced by the theory of cultural evolution,has greatly influenced the basic philosophy of international and domestic cultural heritage conservation.Industrial culture research started late in China,coupled with the predominance of Western ‘horizontal’ theories and methods,resulting in the development of a ‘vertical’ system of industrial culture theory and practice with Chinese characteristics in China,which has been in the stage of weakness and unclear self-value positioning for a long time.he temporal and spatial change and positioning differentiation of industrial heritage is an important driving force for the evolution and renewal of post-industrial landscapes,which is reflected in the urgent need to shift from ‘site’ to ‘place’ at this stage,and the urgent need of the existing heritage protection and inheritance mode from ‘single,fragmented and respective governance’ to ‘cultural inheritance and value recognition’,which is worthy of future research and attention.