秦上郡治所位置与迁移考

Transferral and Location of the Governance of Shangjun Prefecture of Qin Dynasty

战国时魏设上郡,治所在高奴,即今延安市。秦夺取魏上郡之地后仍以高奴为治所。秦昭襄王三年,秦取赵国西北境,占领了今陕西榆林一带,为了有效统治,把上郡治所由高奴迁移到了肤施,即今榆阳区东南一带的鱼河附近。秦始皇时期,随着直道的修通与长城的修建,为了更有效地抵抗匈奴,遂把治所迁移到了阳周,即今靖边县杨桥畔。

During Warring States,Wei set up Shangjun Pretecture,with Gaonu as its governance,which is now Yan’an.After Wei,Qin still had Gaonu as the governance.In the 13^(th) year of King Zhaoxiang of Qin Dynasty,Qin captured the northwest territory of the State of Zhao,the present Yulin area of Shaanxi.To rule the place more effectively,the prefecture of Shangjun moved from Gaonu to Fushi,which is near Yuhe Town in the southeast of the present Yuyang District.During the reign of the first emperor of Qin Dynasty,with straight roads and the Great Wall constructed to resist Xiongnu more effectively,the prefecture transferred to Yangzhou,the bank of Yangqiao in Jingbian County today.