宫观官制度与北宋后期颍昌诗人群体

The Taoist Temple Official System and Yingchang Poet Groups of the Late Northern Song Dynasty

宋代宫观官制度对士人心态与文学创作产生了一定影响,为文人居乡提供了经济基础和制度通道,促进了地域文学的发展。北宋后期,颍昌诗人多有提举嵩山崇福宫的经历,宫观官成为他们晚年的重要身份印记。退居颍昌的“元祐党人”逐渐将诗歌酬唱作为生活和社会交往的重心,韩维晚年领任宫观官里居颍昌期间,发起和组织了由名臣诗人构成的耆英会。徽宗即位后,苏辙提举太平宫移居颍昌,宫观官身份集合了他晚年自我写真中标举的道士、农夫、居乡官吏三种面相,并最终促成了“颍滨遗老”形象的定型。而此时由苏辙邀约的苏门成员群体追和陶渊明《归去来兮辞》可视为他们公布于世的归隐宣言。北宋末期活跃在颍昌地区的许昌诗社承传了这种慕陶精神和苏门遗风。

The Taoist temple official system in the Song dynasty had a certain influence on the scholar’s mentality and literary creation,provided the economic foundation and institutional channel for the literati to live in the countryside,and promoted the development of regional literature. In the late Northern Song dynasty,most of the poets in Yingchang had the experience of lifting Chongfu Temple in Songshan M ountain,and imperial officials became an important mark of their identity in their later years.The “Yuanyou Party member”w ho had retreated to Yingchang gradually took poetry as the focus of their life and social communication. When Han Wei w as a Taoist temple official living in Yingchang in his later years,he initiated and organized the association of senior citizens composed of famous officials and poets. After Emperor Huizong of the Song dynasty ascended the throne,Su Zhe promoted the Taiping temple to move to Yingchang. The Taoist temple official identity is a collection of his old age self-portrait Taoist,farmer,resident tow nship officials,and ultimately contributed to the “Yingbin elderly ”image stereotype. At this time,Sumen members,invited by Su Zhe,admired Tao Yuanming’s Ci of Returning Home and regarded it as their public declaration of retreat. Xuchang poetry club,active in Yingchang area at the end of the Northern Song dynasty,inherited the spirit of Tao Yuanming and Sumen legacy.