营养液配方与品种对椰糠条栽培高糖番茄产量和质量的影响

Effect of nutrient solution formulas and varieties on yield and quality of high sugar tomato cultivated with coconut bran strips

为实现高糖番茄生产及筛选适宜椰糠条栽培的营养液配方与番茄品种组合,于2020年5—9月在甘肃省酒泉市玻璃温室内进行,设4种营养液配方(有机无机混合营养液配方1(F1)、有机无机混合营养液配方2(F2)、无机营养液配方1(F3)、无机营养液配方2(F4));4个番茄品种(‘飞天番茄’(V1)、‘120-150’(V2)、‘童年味’(V3)、‘DHZY-03’(V4)),二因素耦合,得16个处理,随机区组试验设计,研究了不同处理对番茄茎粗、光合特性、糖度及产量的影响,并采用TOPSIS法,对番茄综合品质进行评价。结果表明:有机无机混合营养液配方处理的糖度均值为11.0%,产量均值为190380 kg·hm^(-2);无机营养液配方处理的糖度均值为9.6%,产量均值为157969 kg·hm^(-2)。与无机营养液配方相比,有机无机混合营养液可明显提高番茄的产量与可溶性糖含量。4个品种中,‘童年味’的可溶性糖含量最高,处理均值为10.9%;‘DHZY-03’的产量最高,处理均值为180906 kg·hm^(-2)。糖度最高的处理为F2V3(有机无机混合营养液配方2+‘童年味’),产量最高及糖度和产量均最优的处理为F2V2(有机无机混合营养液配方2+120-150)。本试验条件下,F2V3和F2V2组合较适合在甘肃地区进行推广。

To select nutrient solution formula for different tomato variety under coconut bran cultivation,4 kinds of nutrient solution formulas(organic and inorganic mixed nutrient solution 1(F1),organic and inorganic mixed nutrient solution 2(F2),inorganic nutrient solution 1(F3),inorganic nutrient solution 2(F4))and 4 tomato varieties‘Feitian’(V1),‘120-150’(V2),‘Tongnianwei’(V3),‘DHYZ-03’(V4)were set in glasshouse of Gansu Province in 2020.Bivariate design was coupled to 16 treatments.The stem thickness,photosynthetic characteristics,sugar and yield of different treated tomatoes were studied,and the comprehensive quality of tomato was evaluated by TOPSIS method.The mean soluble sugar content of organic and inorganic mixed nutrient solution was 11.0%and the mean yield was 190380 kg·hm^(-2).The mean soluble sugar content of inorganic nutrient solution was 9.6%and the mean yield was 157969 kg·hm^(-2).It showed that the organic and inorganic mixed nutrient solution significantly increased the tomato yield and soluble sugar content compared with the inorganic nutrient solution formula.Among the four varieties,the soluble sugar content of‘Tongnianwei’was the highest,the mean content was 10.9%the yield of‘DHYZ-03’was the highest,and the mean yield was 180906 kg·hm^(-2).The highest soluble sugar content sugar treatment was F2 V3(organic and inorganic mixed nutrient solution 2+‘Tongnianwei’),the highest yield treatment and the best treatment with both the highest sugar content and yield was F2 V2(organic and inorganic mixed nutrient solution 2+‘120-150’).Under the experimental conditions,F2 V3 and F2 V2 were more suitable for promotion in Gansu region.