脱贫山区乡村振兴基础水平评价及其影响因素——以陇南山区为例

Evaluation of the foundation of rural revitalization in out-of-poverty mountainous areas and its influencing factors:A case study of the Longnan mountainous areas

作为乡村振兴的难点和关键,明晰脱贫山区乡村振兴基础及影响因素,不仅可为新时期巩固拓展脱贫成果同乡村振兴有效衔接提供科学依据,还可为制定高质量发展政策提供重要参考。论文基于乡村振兴基础内涵,构建了脱贫山区乡村振兴基础评价指标体系,并以西秦岭腹地的陇南山区为案例区,评估其乡村振兴基础状况,利用地理探测器模型分析影响乡村振兴基础空间分异的主导因素。结果表明:(1)2020年陇南山区乡村振兴基础水平整体不高,均值为0.299,且各维度振兴基础水平差异明显,其中,生态宜居基础最好,生活富裕基础最差,同时不同地貌类型区乡村振兴基础水平差异较大;(2)乡村振兴基础水平在空间上呈“中低周高”的分布特征,其中,乡村振兴基础中等水平区占比最高,为44.62%,大致呈“川”字型分布,高水平区仅占12.30%,主要在徽成盆地东部集聚,不同维度振兴基础水平空间分异明显;(3)海拔、人均耕地面积、农业从业人数和农业机械总动力主导着陇南山区乡村振兴基础水平的空间分异,其中,农业机械总动力解释力最高,且与其他因子交互后显著增强了对乡村振兴基础空间分异的解释力;不同地貌类型区乡村振兴基础空间分异的主导因素存在较大差异。

As the difficult and key point of rural revitalization,an accurate analysis of the foundation of rural revitalization and its influencing factors in out-of-poverty mountainous areas not only can provide a scientific basis for establishing an effective link between the consolidation of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization in the new era,but also provides important support for the formulation of policies related to high-quality development in mountainous areas.Based on the connotation of rural revitalization foundation,we constructed an evaluation indicator system of rural revitalization foundation and took the Longnan mountainous areas in the hinterland of the western Qinling Mountains as a case area to assess the foundation of rural revitalization and analyze the dominant factors that affect its spatial differentiation.The results show that:1)The overall level of the foundation of rural revitalization in the Longnan mountainous areas in 2020 was low,with a mean value of0.299.There were great differences in the level of rural revitalization foundation in different dimensions.Among them,the foundation of ecological livability was the best,the affluent life was the worst,and the foundation of rural revitalization in areas of different landform types varied greatly.2)The overall distribution pattern of the foundation of rural revitalization was characterized by"low in the middle and high in the peripheries".The medium level areas account for the highest proportion,at 44.62%,roughly in a Chuan-shaped distribution,and the high level areas only account for 12.30%,mainly clustered in the eastern part of the Huicheng Basin.The different dimensions of revitalization foundation also showed obvious spatial differences.3)Altitude,cultivated land per capita,the number of people employed in the agricultural sector,and total power of agricultural machinery all affected the spatial differentiation of the foundation of rural revitalization in the region.Among these key influencing factors,total power of agricultural machinery had the highest explanatory power,and its interaction with other factors significantly enhanced the explanatory power of spatial differentiation of the foundation of rural revitalization.The dominant factors of spatial differentiation of rural revitalization foundation in areas of different landform types varied widely.