盗挖黑土地行为的法益整合与刑法规制

The Integration of Legal Interests and the Regulation of Criminal Law in the Act of Stealing and Digging Black Land

盗挖黑土地行为严重破坏农业生产,但是因为黑土地保护法益的定义不清以及罪名选择上存在争议,导致现有的刑法规制措施适用效果欠佳。黑土地自身生态脆弱且难以恢复,并和其他生态系统联系紧密,所以需要加强对黑土地生态法益的刑法保护。基于绿色原则的指引,黑土地生态法益是指确保黑土地能够持续生产,在自然系统中保持稳定态势,和人类社会保持协调发展的环境利益,并与秩序法益、财产法益共同构成黑土地的保护法益。针对盗挖黑土地行为,刑法规制的罪名选择应该基于不同保护法益进行类型化区分,保护秩序法益适用非法占用农用地罪,保护财产法益需要在盗窃罪和破坏生产经营罪中想象竞合选择盗窃罪,保护生态法益则适用污染环境罪。

The act of stealing and digging black land seriously damages agricultural production.However,due to the unclear definition of the legal interests of the black land and the disputes in the choice of crime,the application effect of the existing criminal law regulation measures is not good.Because the ecology of black land itself is fragile and difficult to recover,and it is closely connected with other ecosystems,it is necessary to strengthen the criminal law protection of the ecological legal interests of black land.Based on the guidance of green principle,the ecological legal interests of black land ensuring the sustainable production of black land,maintaining a stable situation in the natural system,and maintaining a coordinated development with human society,the ecological legal interests,the order legal interests and the property legal interests constitute the legal interests of black land.According to the act of stealing and digging black land,the choice of crime of criminal law regulation should be classified based on different legal interests.The crime of illegal occupation of agricultural land should be applied to the order legal interests;for the property legal interests,the crime of theft should be selected from the crime of theft and the crime of destroying production and business operation by conceptual concurrence;the crime of environmental pollution should be applied to the ecological legal interests.