2016-2020年中国长寿之乡岑溪市恶性肿瘤发病率趋势研究

Cancer Incidence Trend in Chinese Longevity Town Cenxi City from 2016 to 2020

背景随着人口老龄化进程的加速及人均寿命的提升,提高居民的健康生活质量是各界关注的问题。恶性肿瘤是影响健康和增加医疗负担的主要因素,因此,分析岑溪市恶性肿瘤发病情况具有重要意义。目的统计2016—2020年岑溪市恶性肿瘤发病率,分析当地恶性肿瘤流行趋势。方法2016—2020年岑溪市恶性肿瘤发病资料来源于岑溪市疾病预防控制中心肿瘤登记数据。依据《中国肿瘤登记指导手册》和《国际疾病分类肿瘤学专辑》(ICD-O)第3版对恶性肿瘤进行编码分类。统计性别和年龄别粗发病率、标准化发病率、累积发病率(0~74岁)、截缩发病率(35~64岁)。人口标准化率采用2000年中国标准人口构成(中国标准化发病率以下简称中标率)和Segi's世界人口结构计算(世界标准化发病率以下简称世标率)。结果2016—2020年岑溪市共新发恶性肿瘤4205例,总人群恶性肿瘤粗发病率为98.77/10万,中标率为85.48/10万,世标率为82.54/10万,0~74岁累积发病率为9.08%、35~64岁截缩发病率为165.08/10万。2016—2020年岑溪市男性合计粗发病率高于女性合计粗发病率(χ^(2)=161.703,P<0.001)。0~34岁居民,总人群、男性、女性恶性肿瘤粗发病率均未超过34.00/10万;35~39岁,总人群、男性、女性恶性肿瘤粗发病率分别为64.02/10万、83.94/10万、43.75/10万;75~79岁,总人群、男性、女性恶性肿瘤粗发病率分别为437.83/10万、597.17/10万、292.76/10万,达到峰值。2016—2020年,岑溪市总人群恶性肿瘤粗发病率前三位依次为肝癌(23.47%)、肺癌(17.53%)、鼻咽癌(10.70%);男性恶性肿瘤发病前三位为肝癌(30.94%)、肺癌(20.84%)、鼻咽癌(12.51%);女性恶性肿瘤发病前10位为乳腺癌(16.44%)、肺癌(12.12%)、肝癌(11.31%)。结论2016—2020年岑溪市恶性肿瘤总体标准化发病率(中标率:85.48/10万,世标率:82.54/10万)均明显低于全国(中标率:190.64/10万,世标率:204.8/10万)和世界(世标率:201.0/10万)水平;男性恶性肿瘤粗发病率高于女性;在75~79岁年龄段,总人群、男性、女性恶性肿瘤粗发病率达峰值;总人群恶性肿瘤粗发病率前三位依次为肝癌、肺癌、鼻咽癌。

Background Along with the acceleration of population aging and the increase in average life expectancy,how to improve the quality of life of residents has become a social focus.Cancer is a major factor that seriously affects the health,causing increased medical burden.Therefore,it is of great significance to analyze cancer incidence in Cenxi City,Guangxi.Objective To perform a statistical analysis of cancer incidence in Cenxi from 2016 to 2020.Methods Data on cancer incidence in Cenxi from 2016 to 2020 were obtained from the Cancer Registry System of Cenxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Cancers were classified by the Guideline for Chinese Cancer Registration and International Classification of Disease for Oncology,Third Edition(ICD-O).Sex-specific and age-specific crude incidence rates,standardized incidence rates,and cumulative incidence rates(0-74 years),as well as truncated age-standardized incidence rate(35-64 years)were calculated.The standardized incidence rate was calculated by the 2000 Population Census of China and Segi's world population structure(Chinese age-standardized incidence rate was referred to as ASIRC,and world age-standardized incidence rate as ASIRW).Results There were 4205 registered new cases of cancer from 2016 to 2020 in Cenxi.The crude cancer incidence rate was 98.77/105.The ASIRC,ASIRW,cumulative incidence rate(0-74 years)and the truncated age-standardized incidence rate(35-64 years)were 85.48/105,82.54/105,9.08%,and 165.08/105,respectively.The male crude incidence rate was higher than that in female(χ^(2)=161.703,P<0.001).The crude cancer incidence rates for 0-34 year-old overall population,males and females were all under 34.00/105,for 35-39 year-old overall population,males and females were 64.02/105,83.94/105,43.75/105,respectively,and for 75-79 year-old were 437.83/105,597.17/105,292.76/105,respectively,reaching the highest incidence rate.The top three cancers in terms of crude incidence rate for the overall population were liver cancer(23.47%),lung cancer(17.53%),and nasopharynx cancer(10.70%),for males were liver cancer(30.94%),lung cancer(20.84%),and nasopharynx cancer(12.51%),while for females were breast cancer(16.44%),lung cancer(12.12%),and liver cancer(11.31%).Conclusion Compared to the Chinese average(ASIRC and ASIRW were 190.64/105,204.8/105),and world average(ASIRW were 201.0/105)from 2016 to 2020,Cenxi had lower overall standardized cancer incidence rates(ASIRC and ASIRW were 85.48/105,82.54/105).The crude cancer incidence rate in males was higher than that of females.The crude cancer incidence rate reached its peak at the age range of 75-79 years for the overall population,males or females.The top three cancers in terms of crude incidence in the overall population were liver cancer,lung cancer and nasopharynx cancer.