人类免疫缺陷病毒1型p24抗原检测技术的研究进展

Research progress on detection technology of human immunodeficiency virus-1 p24 antigen

人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)-1 p24抗原是HIV感染者体内最早出现的病毒蛋白之一,可作为诊断标志物将检测“窗口期”缩短至14 d左右,在HIV感染的早期诊断、抗病毒治疗监测等过程中至关重要。该文对HIV-1 p24抗原基本结构和检测临床意义进行简要描述,重点介绍国内外现有的基于新型纳米材料等对HIV-1 p24抗原的检测新技术研究,旨在了解基于新型纳米材料、新型化学反应等的生物传感器,以期为新检测技术的建立提供参考。

Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-1 p24 antigen is one of the earliest proteins appearing after HIV infection.It can be used as a diagnostic marker to shorten the detection“window period”to about 14 days.It is of vital importance in the process of early diagnosis and antiviral therapy monitoring.This review briefly describes the basic structure and clinical significance of detection of HIV-1 p24 antigen,focusing on the current domestic and foreign researches on the biosensors of HIV-1 p24 antigen based on new nanomaterials,in order to provide a reference for developing novel detection technology.