工业规模试制有效运行的影响因素探索

An Exploration into the Factors that Influence the Effective Operation of Industrial-scale Trial Production

工业规模试制是科技成果转化的关键环节但大多数研发成果却止步于工业规模试制哪些因素影响了这一过程,研究仍欠缺。在长期企业跟踪调查的基础上,提炼5个影响因素,经过大样本调查与数据分析,探索各因素的影响效果。研究结果表明:(1)我国企业的工业规模试制能力提升,科技成果转化率低的状况正在好转;(2)工艺创新能力、参与试制的人力资源与试制设备资源显著提升工业规模试制有效性;(3)风险承担能力对工业规模试制有效性的影响呈倒U型;(4)不同规模、不同性质、不同生产工艺组织方式(流程型与离散型)的企业工业规模试制有效性水平存在差异。研究结论为工业规模试制有效运行实现机制中各要素获取与利用提供了实践证据,有助于工业规模试制管理的过程、系统与结构进一步优化。

Industrial-scale trial production is a key link in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.Most of R&D results are confined to industrial-scale trial production,with little attention paid to what factors affect the production process.Based on a long-term tracking survey of enterprises,this paper abstracts five influencing factors and explores their respective effects through a large sample survey and data analysis.The results reveal that:(1)the industrial-scale trial production of Chinese enterprises has been improving,and the low conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements is taking a turn for the better;(2)process innovation capability and human and equipment resources involved in trial production contribute significantly to the effectiveness of industrial-scale trial production;(3)risk-taking capacity has an inverted U-shaped impact on the effectiveness of industrial-scale trial production;(4)the effectiveness of industrial-scale trial production is different among enterprises of different scales,different nature and different production process organization methods(process-based vs discrete type).The findings above provide practical evidence for the acquisition and utilization of elements in the implementation mechanism of the effective operation of industrial-scale trial production,and help further clarify the process,system and structure of industrial-scale trial production management.