干态下增塑剂对PVA流延薄膜性能的影响

Effects of Plasticizers on Properties of PVA Cast Films in Dry State

聚乙烯醇(PVA)由于内部存在大量的分子间和分子内氢键,导致PVA膜的拉伸延展性较差,易发生脆性开裂现象,需加入增塑剂改善PVA的力学性能。单一增塑剂的增塑过程中,需排除水对PVA增塑体系的干扰。在PVA中分别引入不同含量的二乙醇胺(DEA)以及不同官能度的丁醇类小分子,并对PVA/增塑剂薄膜进行完全干态处理。结果表明:当加入相对PVA质量分数10%的DEA增塑剂,PVA/DEA薄膜的透明度可保持在90%,且PVA/DEA薄膜的韧性得到增强,PVA/DEA薄膜的拉伸韧性达到170.2 MJ/m^(3)。当加入相对PVA质量分数10%的丁三醇,PVA/丁三醇薄膜的拉伸韧性最佳。

Due to a large number of intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonds in polyvinyl alcohol(PVA), the tensile ductility of PVA membrane is poor, and brittle cracking is prone to occur. Plasticizers need to be added to improve the mechanical properties of PVA. In the plasticizing process of single plasticizer, the interference of water on PVA plasticizing system should be excluded. Different content of diethanolamine(DEA) and different functional butanol molecules were introduced into PVA, and the PVA/plasticizer film was completely dry treated. The results show that when DEA plasticizer with 10% relative PVA mass fraction is added, the transparency of PVA/DEA film can be maintained at 90%, and the toughness of PVA/DEA film is enhanced, and the tensile toughness of PVA/DEA film reaches 170.2 MJ/m^(3).When butanol with 10% relative PVA mass fraction is added, the tensile toughness of PVA/butanol film is the best.