聚乙烯醇薄膜的改性及研究进展

Modification and Research Progress of Poly(vinyl alcohol) Film

聚乙烯醇具有优异的透明度、耐溶剂性、生物降解性和加工性等特点,但其力学强度低,亲水性强。为了能够有效改善PVA薄膜的耐水性、力学性能和热稳定性等,需要对PVA薄膜进行改性。综述目前PVA膜常用的物理改性方法包括共混改性、热处理改性、循环冻融法等,化学改性方法包括交联改性、接枝改性、复合杂化改性等,并介绍改性后PVA膜的应用情况。指出未来的研究中,应寻求更有效和可控的改性方法调整PVA复合薄膜的分子链结构,使PVA复合薄膜的耐水性能、力学性能和热稳定性能等得到提高,以适应实际应用的需要。

Polyvinyl alcohol has excellent transparency, solvent resistance, biodegradability and processability, but it has low mechanical strength and strong hydrophilicity. In order to effectively improve the water resistance, mechanical properties and thermal stability of PVA films, it is necessary to modify PVA films. The commonly used physical modification methods of PVA membrane include blending modification, heat treatment modification, freeze-thaw cycle and so on are reviewed. Chemical modification methods include cross-linking modification, grafting modification and composite hybrid modification are reviewed. The application of modified PVA membrane is introduced. It is pointed out that in the future research, more effective and controllable modification methods should be sought to adjust the molecular chain structure of PVA composite film, so as to improve the water resistance, mechanical properties and thermal stability of PVA composite film to meet the needs of practical application.