美国卫星导航系统军码技术和军用接收机应用研究

Research on Military Code and user equipment of the United States Global Navigation Satellite System

作为人类发明的最重要的时间和空间量测工具,全球卫星导航系统目前承担着越来越重要的军民应用。作为世界上最早发展且目前体系最健全的卫星导航系统大国,美国在多年的发展实践中逐渐意识到,全球卫星导航系统的军用信号易受干扰,可能对相关作战活动的顺利开展带来不利影响。因此,美国开始开展相关军码(M码)以及军用接收机的研究。这些研究工作不仅为后续美军军用装备传输可靠可信的定位、导航与授时信息奠定了基础,也将进一步支撑美军各平台及装备的作战活动。本文希冀通过分析美国全球定位系统的M码技术和军用接收机的发展情况,梳理出其发展特点和关键技术突破情况,研判后期发展走势,为我国卫星导航系统发展军码技术提供参考。

As the most important time and space measurement tool,the Global Navigation Satellite System undertakes increasingly military and civil applications.The United State has realized,over the course of its development,that military signals are vulnerable to interference,which might affect the smooth progress of related combat activities.Therefore,research was carried out to examine relevant Military Code(M code)and Military GPS User Equipment(MGUE),which laid the foundation for the subsequent transmission of reliable Positioning,Navigation,and Timing(PNT)information and services in relation to American military equipment,and further supported the operational activities of various platforms and the U.S.military equipment.This paper introduces the background and development of the U.S.M Code technology and MGUE,identifies their development characteristics and key technological breakthroughs,and examines the development trend in the later stage to provide relevant implications for the development of M Code technology in relation to satellite navigation system in China.