新修订《体育法》“竞技体育”章的条文解读、立法评析和配套立法完善

A Study of Chapter on “Competitive Sports” of the Newly Revised Sports Law of the P.R.C:Interpretation of Provisions, Legislative Evaluation and Supporting Legislation

运用文献资料法、比较法、逻辑分析法等方法,对新修订《体育法》“竞技体育”章的条文进行解读,对“竞技体育”章的立法进行评析,就“竞技体育”章实施所需的后续配套立法展开分析。研究发现,新修订《体育法》“竞技体育”章将全面促进新时代中国竞技体育法治的发展。设置单独的“竞技体育”章实现了我国体育立法的延续和创新,确立了国家发展竞技体育的基本定位,明确了国家对竞技体育训练及优秀体育后备人才培养的支持,培养运动员的原则,运动员优待制度、帮扶政策、注册制度,国家队选拔原则等诸多内容,并进一步强调了竞技体育竞赛开展的基本原则和体育竞赛基本管理制度。“竞技体育”章新增的运动员权利保护、体育运动水平等级制度、职业体育、赛事组织者权利保护的规定是新修订《体育法》的重要立法创新。新修订《体育法》“竞技体育”章的全面实施还应进行配套性立法,建议制定国务院行政法规《职业体育条例》,制定部门规章《体育运动水平等级管理办法》,并对部门规章《运动员注册与交流管理办法》进行全面修订。

Through literature, comparative, logical analysis, this paper interpreted the provisions, legislative evaluation and supporting legislation of the Chapter on “Competitive Sports” in the newly revised Sports Law of the P.R.C.It was shown that the chapter could comprehensively upgrade the basic framework of China’s competitive sports rule of law in the new era.It realized the inheritance and innovation of China’s sports legislation.It clarified the basic positioning of the state in the development of competitive sports, the state’s support for competitive sports training and the cultivation of excellent sports reserve talents, the principle of cultivating athletes, the preferential treatment system for the athletes, the supportive policy, the registration system, the principle of national team selection and many other aspects.It further emphasized the basic principles of the competitive sports competitions and the basic management systems.The provisions on the protection of the athletes’ rights, the hierarchy of sports levels, the professional sports, and the protection of the rights of event organizers were important legislative innovations.In order to fully implement the content of the chapter, supporting legislation should be formed.It was suggested that the Administrative Regulations on Professional Sports be formulated in the State Council Administrative Regulations,departmental Measures for the Management of Sports Levels formulated, Measures for the Management of Athlete Registration and Exchange.