我国省级政府债务融资对市级民生性公共服务供给的影响——基于我国30个省市自治州271个地级市数据的分析

The Influence of Provincial Government Debt Financing on Municipal Public Service Supply——Based on Hierarchical Linear Model Analysis

随着我国政府职能的转型,民生性公共服务供给越来越受到政府重视,省级政府在地方政府债务发行和管理上起着决定性作用,省级政府融资对地级市政府民生性公共服务的供给具有重要影响。本文选取我国30个省市自治州271个地级市作为研究对象,探究2010-2017年省级政府发债对地级市政府民生性公共服务供给的跨层影响,以及省级政府发债行为对地级市政府促进民生性公共服务供给的调节作用。研究发现:省级政府对民生性公共服务供给的重视程度会促进地级市地方政府民生性公共服务的供给,即地级市地方政府发展性公共服务的供给随着省级政府一般政府债券规模的增加而增加;省级政府一般债券发行对地级市城投债促进民生性公共服务供给同时具有正反两个方向的调节作用:一方面,在省级政府重视民生性公共服务供给的条件下,地级市地方政府对民生性公共服务的供给会增加;另一方面,地级市政府会由于省级政府在民生性公共服务上的支出而降低自身的支出。因此,在纵向政府治理体系中的民生性公共服务供给机制上需要关注上级政府对下级政府复杂的作用机制,在调动下级政府供给民生性公共服务积极性的同时合理确定上级政府的供给规模,避免发生下级政府可能因为上级政府的投入而减少民生服务投入的现象。

With the transformation of government functions in China,the supply of people′s livelihood public services has been paid more and more attention by the central government.In the vertical relationship of government governance in China,provincial government plays a decisive role in local government debt issuance and management.On the basis of local debt promoting people′s livelihood public service through“income function”,provincial government financing has an important impact on the supply of people′s livelihood public service of prefecture level city government.In this paper,271 prefecture level cities in 30 provinces and autonomous prefectures of China from 2010 to 2017 are selected as the research objects to explore the cross layer impact of provincial government debt issuance on the supply of public services for people′s livelihood of prefecture level cities and the regulatory role of provincial government debt issuance on the supply of public services for people′s livelihood of prefecture level cities.The findings of this paper are as follows:the provincial government′s emphasis on the supply of public services for people′s livelihood will promote the supply of public services for people′s livelihood of local governments at prefecture level,that is,the supply of development public services by local governments at prefecture level will increase with the increase of the scale of general government bonds at provincial level.The general bond issuance of provincial government can regulate the supply of public service for people′s livelihood by the municipal investment bond.On the one hand,under the condition that the provincial government attaches great importance to the supply of people′s livelihood public services,the supply of people′s livelihood public services by the local governments of prefecture level cities will also increase.On the other hand,the local government will reduce its own expenditure because of the provincial government′s expenditure on public services for people′s livelihood.This paper shows that in the vertical government governance system,the supply mechanism of people′s livelihood public services,we need to pay attention to the complex mechanism of the higher government′s role in the lower government.While mobilizing the enthusiasm of the lower government in providing people′s livelihood public services,we need to reasonably determine the supply scale of the higher government,so as to avoid that the lower government may reduce the input of people′s livelihood services due to the input of the higher government Phenomenon occurs.