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知识产权保护对植物类农产品双边贸易的影响

The Effect of Intellectual Property Protection on Bilateral Trade of Botanical Agricultural Products
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摘要 基于1995-2017年101个国家的双边贸易数据,本文从理论和实证两个层面系统分析农业知识产权保护对植物类农产品双边贸易的影响。研究表明:出口方加强知识产权保护有利于促进植物类农产品出口贸易增长,主要体现在遵从UPOV法案、免除农民特权、扩大植物品种保护周期以及专利保护范围的创新激励作用;进口方知识产权保护会因加强市场势力效应的主导地位而负向作用于植物类农产品进口贸易,主要体现在遵从UPOV法案、免除育种者特权和扩大专利保护范围对贸易集约边际的抑制作用;贸易双方知识产权保护均有利于农产品双边贸易新联系的建立。异质性检验发现,发达国家从农业知识产权保护建设中受益更多,促进了其大多数植物类农产品行业的出口贸易增长,而发展中国家加强农业知识产权保护会抑制除水果类以外的多数行业的出口贸易,紧缩农产品进口贸易;进一步检验发现,进口方加强知识产权保护更有利于发达国家的贸易市场挤入,而挤出发展中国家的贸易市场份额,造成南北国家间的植物类农产品贸易失衡。 Based on the bilateral trade data of 101 countries from 1995 to 2017,this paper systematically analyzes the impact of agricultural intellectual property protection on bilateral trade of botanical agricultural products from both theoretical and empirical levels.The results show that:strengthening the protection of agricultural intellectual property by exporters is conducive to promoting the growth of export trade of botanical agricultural products,which is mainly reflected in the innovation incentive effect of complying with UPOV act,exempting farmers′privileges,expanding the protection cycle of plant varieties and the scope of patent protection.The protection of intellectual property of importers has a negative effect on the import trade of botanical agricultural products due to consolidating the dominant position of market power effect,which is mainly reflected in the inhibition of trade intensive margin by complying with the UPOV act,exempting breeders′privileges and expanding the scope of patent protection.The protection of agricultural intellectual property of both sides is conducive to the establishment of new bilateral trade links.The heterogeneity test shows that developed countries have benefited more from the construction of agricultural intellectual property protection,which has promoted the growth of export trade in most types of botanical agricultural products.As for developing countries,the protection of agricultural intellectual property not only inhibits the growth of export trade in most industries except fruits,but also tighten the import trade.Further test shows that strengthening the protection of agricultural intellectual property by importers is more conducive to the expansion of the trade market share of developed countries and crowding out developing countries,resulting in the trade imbalance between the North and the South.
作者 张琳琛 董银果 王悦 ZHANG Lin-chen;DONG Yin-guo;WANG Yue(School of Business,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China;School of Economics,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China)
出处 《商业研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2022年第4期140-152,共13页 Commercial Research
基金 国家自然科学基金项目,项目编号:71673087,71373154,71573171 上海市浦江学者基金项目,项目编号:15PJC048 华东理工大学科研团队建设基金项目,项目编号:WN1822003。
关键词 知识产权保护 植物类农产品 贸易边际 异质性检验 贸易失衡 intellectual property protection botanical agricultural products trade margin heterogeneity test trade imbalance
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